MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007 Sep 7;56(35):905-8.
In 2004, suicide was the third leading cause of death among youths and young adults aged 10-24 years in the United States, accounting for 4,599 deaths. During 1990-2003, the combined suicide rate for persons aged 10-24 years declined 28.5%, from 9.48 to 6.78 per 100,000 persons. However, from 2003 to 2004, the rate increased by 8.0%, from 6.78 to 7.32, the largest single-year increase during 1990-2004. To characterize U.S. trends in suicide among persons aged 10-24 years, CDC analyzed data recorded during 1990-2004, the most recent data available. Results of that analysis indicated that, from 2003 to 2004, suicide rates for three sex-age groups (i.e., females aged 10-14 years and 15-19 years and males aged 15-19 years) departed upward significantly from otherwise declining trends. Results further indicated that suicides both by hanging/suffocation and poisoning among females aged 10-14 years and 15-19 years increased from 2003 to 2004 and were significantly in excess of trends in both groups. The results suggest that increases in suicide and changes in suicidal behavior might have occurred among youths in certain sex-age groups, especially females aged 10-19 years. Closer examination of these trends is warranted at federal and state levels. Where indicated, health authorities and program directors should consider focusing suicide-prevention activities on these groups to help prevent suicide rates from increasing further.
2004年，自杀是美国10至24岁青少年和青年中的第三大死因，导致4599人死亡。在1990年至2003年期间，10至24岁人群的综合自杀率下降了28.5%，从每10万人9.48例降至6.78例。然而，从2003年到2004年，该比率上升了8.0%，从6.78升至7.32，是1990年至2004年期间最大的单年增幅。为了描述美国10至24岁人群的自杀趋势，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）分析了1990年至2004年期间记录的、可获取的最新数据。该分析结果表明，从2003年到2004年，三个性别年龄组（即10至14岁和15至19岁的女性以及15至19岁的男性）的自杀率明显背离了整体下降趋势而上升。结果还表明，2003年到2004年期间，10至14岁和15至19岁女性的上吊/窒息自杀和中毒自杀均有所增加，且显著超过这两个组的趋势。结果表明，某些性别年龄组的青少年，尤其是10至19岁的女性，可能出现了自杀率上升和自杀行为变化的情况。联邦和州层面有必要对这些趋势进行更深入的研究。在有迹象表明的地方，卫生当局和项目负责人应考虑将自杀预防活动重点放在这些群体上，以帮助防止自杀率进一步上升。
