Arnsten Amy F, Scahill Lawrence, Findling Robert L
Director of Graduate Studies, Deparment of Neurobiology, Yale Medical School, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8001, USA.
J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2007 Aug;17(4):393-406. doi: 10.1089/cap.2006.0098.
Recent developments in the field of neuroscience have illuminated the understanding of the neural circuits impaired in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the mechanism of action of treatments used to treat this condition. There is an exciting confluence between emerging studies in basic neurobiology and the genetic, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological analyses of ADHD. The following provides a brief review of this field, explaining how compounds like guanfacine and the traditional stimulant medications can reduce the core symptoms of ADHD by optimizing the neurochemical environment in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Knowledge of these basic mechanisms may inform our medication choices and facilitate treatment of ADHD and related disorders.
神经科学领域的最新进展为理解注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）中受损的神经回路以及用于治疗该病症的治疗方法的作用机制提供了启示。基础神经生物学的新兴研究与ADHD的遗传学、神经影像学和神经心理学分析之间存在令人兴奋的融合。以下是对该领域的简要综述，解释了胍法辛等化合物和传统兴奋剂药物如何通过优化前额叶皮质（PFC）中的神经化学环境来减轻ADHD的核心症状。了解这些基本机制可能会为我们的药物选择提供依据，并促进ADHD及相关疾病的治疗。
