Islam Ziaul, Maskery Brian, Nyamete Andrew, Horowitz Mark S, Yunus Mohammad, Whittington Dale
Health Systems & Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Health Policy. 2008 Feb;85(2):184-95. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2007.07.009. Epub 2007 Sep 5.
To estimate household willingness to pay (WTP) for cholera vaccines in a rural area of Bangladesh, which had participated in a 1985 oral cholera vaccine trial.
A contingent valuation study was undertaken in Matlab, Bangladesh in summer 2005. All respondents (N=591) received a description of a cholera vaccine that was 50% effective for 3 years and had negligible side effects. Respondents were asked how many vaccines they would purchase for their household at randomly pre-assigned prices. Negative binomial regression models were used to estimate the number of vaccines demanded and to calculate average WTP.
On average, respondents were willing to pay about US$ 9.50 to purchase vaccines for all members of their household (i.e. US$ 1.70 per vaccine). Average WTP per person is US$ 2.40 for young children (1-4 years), US$ 1.20 for school-age children, and US$ 1.05 for adults. Median WTP estimates are significantly smaller: US$ 1.00 for young children, US$ 0.05 for schoolchildren, and US$ 0 for adults.
There is significant demand for cholera vaccines in Matlab at low prices. Recent herd protection research suggests that unvaccinated persons would also experience reduced incidence via indirect effects at low coverage rates associated with moderate vaccine prices.
评估孟加拉国一个农村地区家庭对霍乱疫苗的支付意愿（WTP），该地区曾参与1985年的口服霍乱疫苗试验。
2005年夏季在孟加拉国的马特莱开展了一项意愿评估研究。所有受访者（N = 591）都收到了一份关于霍乱疫苗的描述，该疫苗3年内有效率为50%，副作用可忽略不计。受访者被问及在随机预先设定的价格下，他们会为自己的家庭购买多少疫苗。使用负二项回归模型来估计所需疫苗数量并计算平均支付意愿。
平均而言，受访者愿意支付约9.50美元为其家庭所有成员购买疫苗（即每剂疫苗1.70美元）。1 - 4岁幼儿的人均平均支付意愿为2.40美元，学龄儿童为1.20美元，成人为1.05美元。支付意愿中位数估计值显著更低：幼儿为1.00美元，学童为0.05美元，成人为0美元。
在马特莱，低价霍乱疫苗有显著需求。近期的群体保护研究表明，在中等疫苗价格相关的低接种率情况下，未接种疫苗的人也会通过间接效应降低发病率。
