Wang Gang G, Allis C David, Chi Ping
Laboratory of Chromatin Biology, The Rockefeller University, and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Trends Mol Med. 2007 Sep;13(9):363-72. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2007.07.003. Epub 2007 Sep 5.
Dynamic chromatin remodeling underlies many, if not all, DNA-templated biological processes, including gene transcription; DNA replication and repair; chromosome condensation; and segregation and apoptosis. Disruption of these processes has been linked to the development and progression of cancer. The mechanisms of dynamic chromatin remodeling include the use of covalent histone modifications, histone variants, ATP-dependent complexes and DNA methylation. Together, these mechanisms impart variation into the chromatin fiber, and this variation gives rise to an 'epigenetic landscape' that extends the biological output of DNA alone. Here, we review recent advances in chromatin remodeling, and pay particular attention to mechanisms that appear to be linked to human cancer. Where possible, we discuss the implications of these advances for disease-management strategies.
动态染色质重塑是许多（即便不是所有）以DNA为模板的生物学过程的基础，这些过程包括基因转录、DNA复制与修复、染色体凝聚以及分离和凋亡。这些过程的破坏与癌症的发生和发展有关。动态染色质重塑的机制包括共价组蛋白修饰、组蛋白变体、ATP依赖复合物和DNA甲基化。这些机制共同赋予染色质纤维多样性，而这种多样性产生了一种“表观遗传景观”，它扩展了仅由DNA产生的生物学效应。在这里，我们综述了染色质重塑的最新进展，并特别关注那些似乎与人类癌症相关的机制。在可能的情况下，我们讨论了这些进展对疾病管理策略的影响。
