Sansom Stephanie L, Harris Norma S, Sadek Ramses, Lampe Margaret A, Ruffo Nan M, Fowler Mary Glenn
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Information Technology Support, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Sep;197(3 Suppl):S90-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.03.005.
The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of federal funds in preventing perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in the United States. We used surveillance data from 1999 and 2001 in 6 funded areas to estimate the proportion of HIV-infected women prescribed perinatal prophylaxis and whose infants were HIV infected. We compared outcomes with 5 unfunded areas in which surveillance data were available. The proportion of funded-area women prescribed prophylaxis increased from 80.1% to 85.9% (P < .01), compared with a decline in unfunded areas from 95.1% to 86.7% (P < .01); the difference in trends between groups was P < .01. The perinatal HIV transmission rate for funded areas declined from 6.5% (105 cases) in 1999 to 3.4% (46 cases) in 2001 (P < .01), compared with a decline in unfunded areas from 4.3% (19 cases) to 3.4% (13 cases) (P = .59); the difference in trends between groups was P = .24). The number of perinatal HIV infections in the funded areas decreased by 56%, achieving the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's goal of a 50% reduction in incidence by 2005.
该研究的目的是评估联邦资金在美国预防围产期人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）传播方面的有效性。我们使用了1999年和2001年6个获得资助地区的监测数据，以估计接受围产期预防用药且其婴儿感染HIV的HIV感染女性的比例。我们将结果与5个有监测数据的未获资助地区进行了比较。获得资助地区接受预防用药的女性比例从80.1%增至85.9%（P <.01），而未获资助地区则从95.1%降至86.7%（P <.01）；两组之间的趋势差异为P <.01。获得资助地区的围产期HIV传播率从1999年的6.5%（105例）降至2001年的3.4%（46例）（P <.01），而未获资助地区则从4.3%（19例）降至3.4%（13例）（P =.59）；两组之间的趋势差异为P =.24）。获得资助地区的围产期HIV感染病例数减少了56%，实现了疾病控制与预防中心到2005年将发病率降低50%的目标。
