Vlajinac Hristina, Marinkovic Jelena, Kocev Nikola, Sipetic Sandra, Bjegovic Vesna, Jankovic Slavenka, Stanisavljevic Dejana, Markovic-Denic Ljiljana, Maksimovic Jadranka
Institute of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Belgrade University, Visegradska 26, Belgrade, Serbia.
Public Health. 2008 Mar;122(3):277-84. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2007.06.010. Epub 2007 Sep 7.
To provide an assessment of the mortality burden in Serbia (excluding Kosovo and Metohia).
The study was undertaken using data for Serbia, excluding Kosovo and Metohia, for the year 2000. Years of life lost (YLL), the mortality component of disability-adjusted life years, was determined from the average life expectancy at each age of death while discounting future years by 3% per annum. YLL was calculated using life expectancy at that age based on standard life tables, with life expectancy at birth fixed at 82.5 years for females and 80.0 years for males.
Premature mortality was responsible for 814,022 YLL, after discounting future years at 3% per annum and weighting for age. Males lost 462,050 years and females lost 351,972 years. Cardiovascular diseases and cancers dominated the burden of premature mortality. Ischaemic heart disease was the leading single cause of YLL for males, followed by stroke, lung cancer, inflammatory heart disease, self-inflicted injuries, road traffic accidents, colorectal and stomach cancers, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Each contributed over 10,000 YLL. For females, cerebrovascular disease was the leading cause of YLL, followed by ischaemic heart disease, breast and lung cancer, and diabetes mellitus. YLL due to premature death gives greater weight to those conditions that affect younger people. Consequently, a ranking of diseases by YLL differs from a ranking based on unadjusted numbers of deaths. In comparison with data from the Global Burden of Disease study (2000) for the world population and the EURO-A region, the mortality burden in Serbia is closer to that in developed than developing countries. Standardization was performed using the direct method, with the world population used as the standard.
The national health priority areas, relevant to the mortality burden, should include cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes mellitus, self-inflicted injuries and road traffic accidents.
评估塞尔维亚（不包括科索沃和梅托希亚）的死亡负担。
本研究采用2000年塞尔维亚（不包括科索沃和梅托希亚）的数据进行。失寿年数（YLL）是伤残调整生命年的死亡部分，通过各死亡年龄的平均预期寿命来确定，同时按每年3%对未来年份进行贴现。YLL使用基于标准生命表的该年龄预期寿命来计算，出生时预期寿命女性固定为82.5岁，男性固定为80.0岁。
按每年3%对未来年份贴现并进行年龄加权后，过早死亡导致814,022个失寿年数。男性失寿462,050年，女性失寿351,972年。心血管疾病和癌症在过早死亡负担中占主导地位。缺血性心脏病是男性失寿年数的首要单一原因，其次是中风、肺癌、炎症性心脏病、自杀、道路交通事故、结直肠癌和胃癌以及慢性阻塞性肺疾病。每种疾病导致的失寿年数均超过10,000年。对于女性，脑血管疾病是失寿年数的首要原因，其次是缺血性心脏病、乳腺癌和肺癌以及糖尿病。因过早死亡导致的失寿年数更侧重于影响年轻人的疾病。因此，按失寿年数对疾病进行的排名与基于未调整死亡人数的排名不同。与全球疾病负担研究（2000年）中世界人口和欧洲A区域的数据相比，塞尔维亚的死亡负担更接近发达国家而非发展中国家。使用直接法进行标准化，以世界人口作为标准。
与死亡负担相关的国家卫生重点领域应包括心血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病、自杀和道路交通事故。
