Kolodgie Frank D, Nakazawa Gaku, Sangiorgi Giuseppe, Ladich Elena, Burke Allen P, Virmani Renu
CVPath Institute, Incorporated, 19 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2007 Aug;17(3):285-301, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2007.03.006.
Atherosclerotic plaque at the carotid bifurcation is the primary cause of ischemic strokes and the degree of carotid stenosis is strongly associated with stroke risk in symptomatic patients. Stroke is the third-leading cause of death in the United States, constituting approximately 700,000 cases each year. In this article, the authors discuss the natural history of carotid and intracranial atherosclerosis, based on their broader knowledge of coronary atherosclerosis. Early to more advanced progressive lesions of the carotid are categorized, based on descriptive morphologic events originally cited for the coronary circulation. The histologic features associated with symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid disease are also addressed, along with the issues surrounding current stent-based therapies for the prevention of major recurrent vascular events.
颈动脉分叉处的动脉粥样硬化斑块是缺血性中风的主要原因，在有症状的患者中，颈动脉狭窄程度与中风风险密切相关。中风是美国第三大死因，每年约有70万例病例。在本文中，作者基于对冠状动脉粥样硬化的更广泛了解，讨论了颈动脉和颅内动脉粥样硬化的自然病程。根据最初用于冠状动脉循环的描述性形态学事件，对颈动脉早期到更晚期的进展性病变进行了分类。还讨论了有症状和无症状颈动脉疾病相关的组织学特征，以及围绕当前基于支架的预防主要复发性血管事件疗法的问题。
