Bécue-Bertaut Mónica, Kern Josipa, Hernández-Maldonado Maria-Luisa, Juresa Vesna, Vuletic Silvije
Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Polytechnical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain.
Public Health. 2008 Feb;122(2):140-50. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2007.05.009. Epub 2007 Sep 10.
To identify the health-risk behaviour of various homogeneous clusters of individuals.
The study was conducted in 13 of the 20 Croatian counties and in Zagreb, the Croatian capital. In the first stage, general practices were selected in each county. The second-stage sample was created by drawing a random subsample of 10% of the patients registered at each selected general practice.
The sample was divided into seven homogenous clusters using statistical methodology, combining multiple factor analysis with a hybrid clustering method.
Seven homogeneous clusters were identified, three composed of males and four composed of females, based on statistically significant differences between selected characteristics (P<0.001). Although, in general, self-assessed health declined with age, significant variations were observed within specific age intervals. Higher levels of self-assessed health were associated with higher levels of education and/or socio-economic status. Many individuals, especially females, who self-reported poor health were heavy consumers of sleeping pills. Males and females reported different health-risk behaviours related to lifestyle, diet and use of the healthcare system. Heavy alcohol and tobacco use, unhealthy diet, risky physical activity and non-use of the healthcare system influenced self-assessed health in males. Females were slightly less satisfied with their health than males of the same age and educational level. Even highly educated females who took preventive healthcare tests and ate a healthy diet reported a less satisfactory self-assessed level of health than expected.
Sociodemographic characteristics, life style, self-assessed health and use of the healthcare system were used in the identification of seven homogeneous population clusters. A comprehensive analysis of these clusters suggests health-related prevention and intervention efforts geared towards specific populations.
识别不同同质个体群体的健康风险行为。
该研究在克罗地亚20个县中的13个以及克罗地亚首都萨格勒布进行。在第一阶段，在每个县选择全科诊所。第二阶段的样本是通过从每个选定的全科诊所登记的患者中随机抽取10%的子样本创建的。
使用统计方法，将多因素分析与混合聚类方法相结合，将样本分为七个同质群体。
基于选定特征之间的统计学显著差异（P<0.001），识别出七个同质群体，其中三个由男性组成，四个由女性组成。虽然总体而言，自我评估的健康状况随年龄下降，但在特定年龄区间内观察到显著差异。自我评估的健康水平较高与较高的教育水平和/或社会经济地位相关。许多自我报告健康状况不佳的人，尤其是女性，是安眠药的大量使用者。男性和女性报告了与生活方式、饮食和医疗系统使用相关的不同健康风险行为。大量饮酒和吸烟、不健康饮食、危险的体育活动以及不使用医疗系统影响了男性的自我评估健康状况。在相同年龄和教育水平的情况下，女性对自己健康状况的满意度略低于男性。即使是接受预防性医疗检查并饮食健康的高学历女性，其自我评估的健康水平也低于预期。
社会人口学特征、生活方式、自我评估的健康状况和医疗系统的使用被用于识别七个同质人群群体。对这些群体的综合分析表明，应针对特定人群开展与健康相关的预防和干预措施。
