Minami Naojiro, Suzuki Toru, Tsukamoto Satoshi
Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
J Reprod Dev. 2007 Aug;53(4):707-15. doi: 10.1262/jrd.19029.
Zygotic gene activation (ZGA) is the first event of gene expression after fertilization. Following fertilization, ZGA occurs within a short time interval depending on the animal species. Until ZGA, maternal proteins and transcripts stored in oocytes control embryonic development, indicating the importance of maternal factors for development. Somatic cell cloning also proves the potential of oocyte to reprogram the differentiated cell nuclei to embryonic nuclei. Recent studies show that the epigenetic modifications of nuclei play important roles in controlling gene expression during ZGA. However, the mechanisms that control ZGA remain largely unknown. This review will cover the current understanding of ZGA. Specifically, it will focus on the maternal factors that control gene expression during early embryogenesis.
合子基因激活（ZGA）是受精后基因表达的首个事件。受精后，ZGA在取决于动物物种的短时间间隔内发生。在ZGA之前，储存在卵母细胞中的母体蛋白质和转录本控制着胚胎发育，这表明母体因子对发育的重要性。体细胞克隆也证明了卵母细胞将分化的细胞核重编程为胚胎细胞核的潜力。最近的研究表明，细胞核的表观遗传修饰在ZGA期间控制基因表达中起重要作用。然而，控制ZGA的机制在很大程度上仍然未知。本综述将涵盖对ZGA的当前理解。具体而言，它将关注在早期胚胎发生过程中控制基因表达的母体因子。
