Gaillard Afsaneh, Prestoz Laetitia, Dumartin Brigitte, Cantereau Anne, Morel Franck, Roger Michel, Jaber Mohamed
Institut de Physiologie et Biologie Cellulaires, Université de Poitiers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 40 avenue du recteur Pineau, Poitiers, F-86022, France.
Nat Neurosci. 2007 Oct;10(10):1294-9. doi: 10.1038/nn1970. Epub 2007 Sep 2.
Damage to the adult motor cortex leads to severe and frequently irreversible deficits in motor function. Transplantation of embryonic cortical neurons into the damaged adult motor cortex was previously shown to induce partial recovery, but reports on graft efferents have varied from no efferent projections to sparse innervation. Here, we grafted embryonic cortical tissue from transgenic mice overexpressing a green fluorescent protein into the damaged motor cortex of adult mice. Grafted neurons developed efferent projections to appropriate cortical and subcortical host targets, including the thalamus and spinal cord. These projections were not a result of cell fusion between the transplant and the host neurons. Host and transplanted neurons formed synaptic contacts and numerous graft efferents were myelinated. These findings demonstrate that there is substantial anatomical reestablishment of cortical circuitry following embryonic cortex grafting into the adult brain. They suggest that there is an unsuspected potential for neural cell transplantation to promote reconstruction after brain injury.
成体运动皮层受损会导致严重且常常不可逆的运动功能缺陷。先前的研究表明，将胚胎皮质神经元移植到受损的成体运动皮层可诱导部分恢复，但关于移植传出神经的报道各不相同，从没有传出投射到稀疏的神经支配。在此，我们将过表达绿色荧光蛋白的转基因小鼠的胚胎皮质组织移植到成年小鼠受损的运动皮层。移植的神经元向包括丘脑和脊髓在内的适当皮质和皮质下宿主靶点形成了传出投射。这些投射不是移植细胞与宿主神经元之间细胞融合的结果。宿主和移植的神经元形成了突触联系，并且许多移植的传出神经被髓鞘化。这些发现表明，将胚胎皮层移植到成体大脑后，皮质回路存在大量解剖学上的重建。它们表明，神经细胞移植在脑损伤后促进重建方面具有未被怀疑的潜力。
