Fragaszy D M, Baer J, Adams-Curtis L
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
Dev Psychobiol. 1991 Sep;24(6):375-93. doi: 10.1002/dev.420240602.
Fourteen infant capuchins and eight squirrel monkeys reared by their mothers in captive species-typical social groups were observed from birth through 7 months. Motoric altriciality of the neonatal capuchin relative to the squirrel monkey is a key feature of behavioral differences between the species in the first few months after birth. Infants of the two species differed substantially in age at onset of independent locomotion, the developmental profile of independent activities, and the overall amount and rate of particular social activities. Capuchins displayed a lag of 7 weeks relative to squirrel monkeys in the pattern of increasing time spent alone; lags in other indices of independent activity and exploratory behaviors were also evident, although not as clear-cut. The species also differed substantially in the nature and frequency of social interactions between infants and others. Capuchins, especially later-born infants of multiparous mothers, experienced a more socially interactive infancy than squirrel monkeys. Contrasts in behavioral developmental and infant care in the two species are related to the timing and duration of the weaning process.
对14只圈养在典型物种社会群体中由母亲抚养的幼年卷尾猴和8只松鼠猴进行了从出生到7个月大的观察。与松鼠猴相比，新生卷尾猴的运动发育不全是这两个物种在出生后头几个月行为差异的一个关键特征。两个物种的幼崽在开始独立行走的年龄、独立活动的发育情况以及特定社交活动的总量和频率方面存在显著差异。卷尾猴在独自活动时间增加的模式上比松鼠猴滞后7周；在其他独立活动和探索行为指标上也存在滞后，尽管不那么明显。这两个物种在幼崽与其他个体之间社交互动的性质和频率上也存在很大差异。卷尾猴，尤其是多胎母亲的晚出生幼崽，比松鼠猴经历了更多社交互动的婴儿期。这两个物种在行为发育和幼崽照料方面的差异与断奶过程的时间和持续时间有关。
