Everett S D, Pantalos G M, Goldenberg I F, Long J W, Robison P D, White R K, Landa M S, Shaw W J, Olsen D B
Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Int J Artif Organs. 1991 Dec;14(12):775-80.
Pharmacological therapy for congestive heart failure includes drugs that have both inotropic and vasoactive effects, although it is sometimes difficult to differentiate between the two effects. An animal with an implanted total artificial heart (TAH) allows the investigation of the vascular effect of these drugs in the absence of the effect on the myocardium. An advantage of the TAH model is its sensitivity to changes in right and left ventricular preload and afterload. Four instrumented TAH calves were given vasoactive drugs and the response was compared to control. Epinephrine, dopamine, isoproterenol, and nitroprusside were selected because of the predictability of their responses. Epinephrine caused a significant increase in systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and dopamine caused a significant increase in Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and Isoproterenol caused a significant decrease in PVR. TAH implanted calves can thus serve as a pharmacological model to study the vascular response, which may be useful in investigation of new agents with inotropic and vascular effects.
充血性心力衰竭的药物治疗包括具有正性肌力和血管活性作用的药物，尽管有时很难区分这两种作用。植入全人工心脏（TAH）的动物可以在不存在对心肌影响的情况下研究这些药物的血管效应。TAH模型的一个优点是它对左右心室前负荷和后负荷变化的敏感性。给四只装有仪器的TAH小牛使用血管活性药物，并将反应与对照组进行比较。选择肾上腺素、多巴胺、异丙肾上腺素和硝普钠是因为它们反应的可预测性。肾上腺素导致全身血管阻力（SVR）显著增加，多巴胺导致肺血管阻力（PVR）显著增加，而异丙肾上腺素导致PVR显著降低。因此，植入TAH的小牛可以作为研究血管反应的药理学模型，这可能有助于研究具有正性肌力和血管作用的新型药物。
