Science. 1993 Apr 16;260(5106):311-4. doi: 10.1126/science.260.5106.311.
Calculations of the effects of both natural and anthropogenic tropospheric sulfate aerosols indicate that the aerosol climate forcing is sufficiently large in a number of regions of the Northern Hemisphere to reduce significantly the positive forcing from increased greenhouse gases. Summer sulfate aerosol forcing in the Northern Hemisphere completely offsets the greenhouse forcing over the eastern United States and central Europe. Anthropogenic sulfate aerosols contribute a globally averaged annual forcing of -0.3 watt per square meter as compared with +2.1 watts per square meter for greenhouse gases. Sources of the difference in magnitude with the previous estimate of Charlson et al. are discussed.
计算表明，自然和人为产生的对流层硫酸盐气溶胶的影响在北半球的许多地区都非常大，足以显著减少温室气体增加带来的正向辐射强迫。北半球夏季硫酸盐气溶胶的辐射强迫完全抵消了美国东部和中欧地区的温室气体辐射强迫。与之前查尔森等人的估计相比，人为硫酸盐气溶胶的全球平均年辐射强迫为-0.3 瓦特/平方米，而温室气体为+2.1 瓦特/平方米。讨论了与之前查尔森等人的估计结果在量级上存在差异的原因。
