Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstraße 55, D-20146, Hamburg, Germany.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 1995 Jul;2(1):40-5. doi: 10.1007/BF02987512.
Through various processes the nitrogen oxides (NOX) interact with trace gases in the troposphere and stratosphere which do absorb in the spectral range relevant to the greenhouse effect (infrared wavelengths). The net effect is an enhancement of the greenhouse effect. The catalytic role of NOX in the production of tropospheric ozone provides the most prominent contribution. The global waming potential is estimated as GWP (NOX = 30 - 33 and 7 - 10 for the respective time horizons of 20 and 100 years, and is thereby comparable to that of methane. NOX emissions in rural areas of anthropogenically influenced regions, or those in the vicinity of the txopopause caused by air traffic, cause the greenhouse effectivity to be substantially more intense. We estimate an additional 5-23 % for Germany's contribution to the anthropogenic greenhouse effect as a result of the indirect greenhouse effects stemming from NOX. Furthermore, a small and still inaccurately defined amount of the deposited NOX which has primarily been converted into nitrates is again released from the soil into the atmosphere in the form of the long-lived greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Thus, anthropogenically induced NOX emissions contribute to enhanced greenhouse effect and to stratospheric ozone depletion in the time scale of more than a century.
氮氧化物（NOX）通过各种过程与对流层和平流层中的痕量气体相互作用，这些气体在与温室效应相关的光谱范围内（红外波长）吸收。净效应是增强温室效应。NOX 在生成对流层臭氧中的催化作用提供了最显著的贡献。全球变暖潜能值估计为 GWP（NOX=30-33 和 7-10，分别为 20 年和 100 年的相应时间范围），与甲烷相当。人为影响地区农村地区或航空交通引起的同温层顶附近的 NOX 排放，使温室效应强度大大增加。由于源自 NOX 的间接温室效应，我们估计德国人为温室效应的贡献增加了 5-23%。此外，大部分已转化为硝酸盐的沉积 NOX 中仍有一小部分仍以长寿命温室气体氧化亚氮（N2O）的形式从土壤中再次释放到大气中。因此，人为引起的 NOX 排放导致了增强的温室效应和一个多世纪以来平流层臭氧的消耗。
