Phelps M E
Department of Radiological Sciences, Crump Institute, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.
Neurochem Res. 1991 Sep;16(9):929-40. doi: 10.1007/BF00965836.
Like in vivo autoradiography, PET provides a means to image and measure rates of biological processes throughout the distributed and interrelated systems of the entire living brain. In addition, both techniques can track and image the functional interactions of the brain with other systems throughout the entire body. Technological advances are yielding higher image spatial resolution and "Electronic generators" for automated synthesis of positron labeled compounds. The expanding number of labeled compounds (greater than 500) is providing a growing number of biological assays (i.e., substrate metabolism, pre and post synaptic processes, enzyme activity, interaction of medical and illicit drugs with biological systems of the brain, immune system, membrane processes). Studies of normal cerebral function focus on mapping evoked responses of various components of motor, visual, somatosensory, memory and cognitive functions. Cerebral development, neuronal plasticity, and compensatory reorganization to lesions or surgery are active areas of investigation. Various types of assays have been used to identify specific biological alterations, map progression and determine therapeutic responses in a wide variety of neuropsychiatric disorders and drug abuse.
与体内放射自显影一样，正电子发射断层扫描（PET）提供了一种手段，可对整个活脑的分布式和相互关联系统中的生物过程进行成像和测量其速率。此外，这两种技术都可以追踪并成像大脑与全身其他系统的功能相互作用。技术进步正在带来更高的图像空间分辨率以及用于正电子标记化合物自动合成的“电子发生器”。标记化合物数量的不断增加（超过500种）正在提供越来越多的生物学检测方法（即底物代谢、突触前后过程、酶活性、药物和非法药物与大脑生物系统、免疫系统、膜过程的相互作用）。对正常脑功能的研究集中于绘制运动、视觉、躯体感觉、记忆和认知功能各个组成部分的诱发反应。脑发育、神经元可塑性以及对损伤或手术的代偿性重组是活跃的研究领域。已经使用了各种类型的检测方法来识别特定的生物学改变、描绘进展情况并确定多种神经精神疾病和药物滥用中的治疗反应。
