SanGiovanni John Paul, Chew Emily Y, Clemons Traci E, Ferris Frederick L, Gensler Gary, Lindblad Anne S, Milton Roy C, Seddon Johanna M, Sperduto Robert D
The EMMES Corporation, 401 N Washington St, Ste 700, Rockville, MD 20850-1707, USA.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2007 Sep;125(9):1225-32. doi: 10.1001/archopht.125.9.1225.
To evaluate the relationship of dietary carotenoids, vitamin A, alpha-tocopherol, and vitamin C with prevalent age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS).
Demographic, lifestyle, and medical characteristics were ascertained on 4519 AREDS participants aged 60 to 80 years at enrollment. Stereoscopic color fundus photographs were used to categorize participants into 4 AMD severity groups and a control group (participants with < 15 small drusen). Nutrient intake was estimated from a self-administered semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire at enrollment. Intake values were energy adjusted and classified by quintiles. The relationship between diet and AMD status was assessed using logistic regression analyses.
Dietary lutein/zeaxanthin intake was inversely associated with neovascular AMD (odds ratio [OR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-0.93), geographic atrophy (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.24-0.86), and large or extensive intermediate drusen (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.56-0.96), comparing the highest vs lowest quintiles of intake, after adjustment for total energy intake and nonnutrient-based covariates. Other nutrients were not independently related to AMD.
Higher dietary intake of lutein/zeaxanthin was independently associated with decreased likelihood of having neovascular AMD, geographic atrophy, and large or extensive intermediate drusen.
在年龄相关性眼病研究（AREDS）中评估膳食类胡萝卜素、维生素A、α-生育酚和维生素C与普遍存在的年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）之间的关系。
确定了4519名年龄在60至80岁之间的AREDS参与者在入组时的人口统计学、生活方式和医学特征。使用立体彩色眼底照片将参与者分为4个AMD严重程度组和1个对照组（玻璃膜疣小于15个的参与者）。通过入组时自行填写的半定量食物频率问卷估计营养摄入量。摄入量值经能量调整后按五分位数分类。使用逻辑回归分析评估饮食与AMD状态之间的关系。
在调整总能量摄入和非营养性协变量后，比较摄入量最高与最低五分位数时，膳食叶黄素/玉米黄质摄入量与新生血管性AMD（优势比[OR]，0.65；95%置信区间[CI]，0.45 - 0.93）、地图样萎缩（OR，0.45；95%CI，0.24 - 0.86）以及大的或广泛的中度玻璃膜疣（OR，0.73；95%CI，0.56 - 0.96）呈负相关。其他营养素与AMD无独立相关性。
较高的膳食叶黄素/玉米黄质摄入量与新生血管性AMD、地图样萎缩以及大的或广泛的中度玻璃膜疣发生可能性降低独立相关。
