Saba Nabil F, Hammond Anthea, Shin Dong M, Khuri Fadlo R
Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;69(2 Suppl):S132-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.05.041.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma affects >45,000 Americans annually. Patients who are successfully treated for their primary tumor are at high risk of developing a second primary tumor, making effective preventive strategies highly desirable for this disease. Although a landmark study in 1990 suggested some benefit of high-dose retinoids in head and neck cancer prevention, subsequent trials using more tolerable doses have shown limited clinical success. Newer preventive strategies have included bioadjuvant therapy combining retinoids with interferon and alpha-tocopherol, combinations of molecularly targeted agents, and oncolytic viruses. Furthermore, considerable evidence has supported a cancer protective role for several nutrients, including green tea and curcumin analogs. Natural compounds such as these with favorable long-term safety profiles might be particularly suited to the cancer prevention setting, in which patients will usually tolerate only moderate risk and toxicity.
头颈部鳞状细胞癌每年影响超过45000名美国人。原发性肿瘤得到成功治疗的患者发生第二原发性肿瘤的风险很高，因此针对这种疾病的有效预防策略非常必要。尽管1990年的一项具有里程碑意义的研究表明高剂量类视黄醇在预防头颈部癌症方面有一定益处，但随后使用更易耐受剂量的试验显示临床成功率有限。新的预防策略包括将类视黄醇与干扰素和α-生育酚联合的生物辅助治疗、分子靶向药物组合以及溶瘤病毒。此外，大量证据支持几种营养素具有癌症保护作用，包括绿茶和姜黄素类似物。这类具有良好长期安全性的天然化合物可能特别适合癌症预防，因为在这种情况下患者通常只能耐受适度的风险和毒性。
