Carvallo M J, Vargas I, Vega A, Pizarro G, Pastén P
Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Correo 22, Santiago, Chile.
Water Sci Technol. 2007;56(2):129-37. doi: 10.2166/wst.2007.481.
Rapid methods for the in-situ evaluation of the organic load have recently been developed and successfully implemented in municipal wastewater treatment systems. Their direct application to winery wastewater treatment is questionable due to substantial differences between municipal and winery wastewater. We critically evaluate the use of UV-VIS spectrometry, buffer capacity testing (BCT), and respirometry as rapid methods to determine organic load and biodegradation rates of winery wastewater. We tested three types of samples: actual and treated winery wastewater, synthetic winery wastewater, and samples from a biological batch reactor. Not surprisingly, respirometry gave a good estimation of biodegradation rates for substrate of different complexities, whereas UV-VIS and BCT did not provide a quantitative measure of the easily degradable sugars and ethanol, typically the main components of the COD in the influent. However, our results strongly suggest that UV-VIS and BCT can be used to identify and estimate the concentration of complex substrates in the influent and soluble microbial products (SMP) in biological reactors and their effluent. Furthermore, the integration of UV-VIS spectrometry, BCT, and mathematical modeling was able to differentiate between the two components of SMPs: substrate utilization associated products (UAP) and biomass associated products (BAP). Since the effluent COD in biologically treated wastewaters is composed primarily by SMPs, the quantitative information given by these techniques may be used for plant control and optimization.
用于有机负荷原位评估的快速方法最近已被开发出来，并在城市污水处理系统中成功应用。由于城市污水和酿酒厂废水存在显著差异，这些方法直接应用于酿酒厂废水处理存在疑问。我们批判性地评估了紫外可见光谱法、缓冲容量测试（BCT）和呼吸测定法作为测定酿酒厂废水有机负荷和生物降解率的快速方法。我们测试了三种类型的样品：实际的和经处理的酿酒厂废水、合成酿酒厂废水以及来自生物间歇反应器的样品。不出所料，呼吸测定法能很好地估计不同复杂程度底物的生物降解率，而紫外可见光谱法和BCT无法对进水化学需氧量（COD）中通常的主要成分——易降解糖类和乙醇进行定量测量。然而，我们的结果强烈表明，紫外可见光谱法和BCT可用于识别和估计进水复杂底物以及生物反应器及其流出物中可溶性微生物产物（SMP）的浓度。此外，将紫外可见光谱法、BCT和数学模型相结合能够区分SMP的两个组成部分：底物利用相关产物（UAP）和生物量相关产物（BAP）。由于生物处理后废水的出水COD主要由SMP组成，这些技术提供的定量信息可用于工厂控制和优化。
