Spiers H J, Maguire E A
Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
Neuroscience. 2007 Oct 12;149(1):7-27. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.06.056. Epub 2007 Jul 28.
Most of our everyday activities take place in familiar environments learned in the past which we need to constantly navigate. Despite our obvious reliance on these remote spatial memories, until quite recently relatively little was known about how they are instantiated in the human brain. Here we will consider developments in the neuropsychological and neuroimaging domains where innovative methodologies and novel analysis techniques are providing new opportunities for exploring the brain dynamics underpinning the retrieval and use of remotely learned spatial information. These advances allow three key questions to be considered anew: What brain areas in humans support the retrieval and use of remotely learned spatial information? Where in the brain are spatial memories stored? Do findings relating to remote spatial memory inform theoretical debates about memory consolidation? In particular, the hippocampus, parahippocampus, retrosplenial and parietal cortices are scrutinized, revealing new insights into their specific contributions to representing spaces and places from the past.
我们的大多数日常活动都发生在过去熟悉的环境中，我们需要不断地在这些环境中导航。尽管我们明显依赖这些遥远的空间记忆，但直到最近，人们对它们在人脑中是如何形成的了解还相对较少。在这里，我们将探讨神经心理学和神经影像学领域的进展，在这些领域中，创新的方法和新颖的分析技术为探索支撑远程学习空间信息检索和使用的脑动力学提供了新的机会。这些进展使我们能够重新审视三个关键问题：人类大脑中哪些区域支持远程学习空间信息的检索和使用？空间记忆存储在大脑的哪个部位？与远程空间记忆相关的研究结果是否为有关记忆巩固的理论辩论提供了信息？特别是，海马体、海马旁回、 retrosplenial 和顶叶皮质受到了仔细研究，揭示了它们对表征过去的空间和地点的具体贡献的新见解。
