The MRI Unit, Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States.
Neuropsychologia. 2010 Aug;48(10):2912-21. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.05.033. Epub 2010 Jun 4.
Although temporo-parietal cortices mediate spatial navigation in animals and humans, the neural correlates of reward-based spatial learning are less well known. Twenty-five healthy adults performed a virtual reality fMRI task that required learning to use extra-maze cues to navigate an 8-arm radial maze and find hidden rewards. Searching the maze in the spatial learning condition compared to the control conditions was associated with activation of temporo-parietal regions, albeit not including the hippocampus. The receipt of rewards was associated with activation of the hippocampus in a control condition when using the extra-maze cues for navigation was rendered impossible by randomizing the spatial location of cues. Our novel experimental design allowed us to assess the differential contributions of the hippocampus and other temporo-parietal areas to searching and reward processing during reward-based spatial learning. This translational research will permit parallel studies in animals and humans to establish the functional similarity of learning systems across species; cellular and molecular studies in animals may then inform the effects of manipulations on these systems in humans, and fMRI studies in humans may inform the interpretation and relevance of findings in animals.
尽管颞顶叶皮层介导了动物和人类的空间导航，但基于奖励的空间学习的神经相关性知之甚少。25 名健康成年人参与了一项虚拟现实 fMRI 任务，该任务要求他们学习使用额外的迷宫线索来导航 8 臂放射状迷宫并找到隐藏的奖励。与对照条件相比，在空间学习条件下搜索迷宫与颞顶区域的激活有关，尽管不包括海马体。当使用额外的迷宫线索进行导航时，由于线索的空间位置随机化而变得不可能，在对照条件下，奖励的获得与海马体的激活有关。我们新颖的实验设计使我们能够评估海马体和其他颞顶区域在基于奖励的空间学习过程中搜索和奖励处理方面的差异贡献。这项转化研究将允许在动物和人类中进行平行研究，以确定学习系统在物种间的功能相似性；动物中的细胞和分子研究然后可以告知对这些系统的干预在人类中的影响，而人类中的 fMRI 研究可以告知动物研究结果的解释和相关性。
