Wilding John, Cornish Kim
Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK.
Child Neuropsychol. 2007 Nov;13(6):510-21. doi: 10.1080/09297040601160574.
Data from two studies that tested children's attention using visual search for a series of targets in a complex display and a sustained-attention task waiting for signals in a similar display were subjected to Factor Analysis to explore previous indications that speed and accuracy (the number of false alarms to nontargets) on this task reflect different mechanisms. The two factors identified confirmed the separation of these two measures and also suggested that the speed factor was related to Mental Age, while the accuracy factor was related to ratings of attentional ability. It is suggested that ratings of attentional ability reflect the efficiency of executive functions, displayed in the ability to inhibit responses to nontargets in these tasks, while speed of search is related to processing speed in the nervous system. Therefore intelligence and attentional ability depend on different underlying features of the nervous system.
两项研究的数据接受了因子分析，这两项研究通过在复杂展示中对一系列目标进行视觉搜索来测试儿童的注意力，以及在类似展示中等待信号的持续性注意力任务，以探究此前的一些迹象，即该任务中的速度和准确性（对非目标的误报数量）反映了不同的机制。所确定的两个因子证实了这两种测量方法的分离，还表明速度因子与心理年龄相关，而准确性因子与注意力能力评分相关。有人认为，注意力能力评分反映了执行功能的效率，体现在这些任务中抑制对非目标反应的能力上，而搜索速度与神经系统的处理速度相关。因此，智力和注意力能力取决于神经系统的不同潜在特征。
