Mendonça-de-Souza A C F, Souza G G L, Vieira A, Fischer N L, Souza W F, Rumjanek V M, Figueira I, Mendlowicz M V, Volchan E
Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Stress. 2007 Nov;10(4):362-7. doi: 10.1080/10253890701379999.
Glucocorticoids have a key role in stress responses. There are, however, substantial differences in cortisol reactivity among individuals. We investigated if affective trait and mood induction influence the reactivity to psychological stress in a group of 63 young adults, male (n=27) and female (n=36), aged ca. 21 years. On the experimental day the participants viewed either a block of pleasant or unpleasant pictures for 5 min to induce positive or negative mood, respectively. Then, they had 5 min to prepare a speech to be delivered in front of a video-camera. Saliva samples were collected to measure cortisol, and questionnaire-based affective scales were used to estimate emotional states and traits. Compared to basal levels, a cortisol response to the acute speech stressor was only seen for those who had first viewed unpleasant pictures and scored above the average on the negative affect scale. There were no sex differences. In conclusion, high negative affect associated with exposure to an unpleasant context increased sensitivity to an acute stressor, and was critical to stimulation of cortisol release by the speech stressor.
糖皮质激素在应激反应中起关键作用。然而，个体之间的皮质醇反应性存在显著差异。我们调查了情感特质和情绪诱导是否会影响一组63名约21岁的年轻人（男性27名，女性36名）对心理应激的反应性。在实验当天，参与者分别观看一组愉悦或不愉快的图片5分钟，以分别诱导积极或消极情绪。然后，他们有5分钟时间准备在摄像机前发表演讲。收集唾液样本以测量皮质醇，并使用基于问卷的情感量表来评估情绪状态和特质。与基础水平相比，仅在那些首先观看了不愉快图片且在消极情感量表上得分高于平均水平的人身上观察到了对急性演讲应激源的皮质醇反应。不存在性别差异。总之，与接触不愉快情境相关的高消极情感增加了对急性应激源的敏感性，并且对于演讲应激源刺激皮质醇释放至关重要。
