Jaquet Emma, Rhodes Gillian, Hayward William G
School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2007 Nov;60(11):1457-67. doi: 10.1080/17470210701467870.
Opposite changes in perception (aftereffects) can be simultaneously induced for faces from different social categories--for example, Chinese and Caucasian faces. We investigated whether these aftereffects are generated in high-level face coding that is sensitive to the social category information in faces, or in earlier visual coding sensitive to simple physical differences between faces. We caricatured the race of face stimuli and created face continua ranging from caricatured Caucasian faces (SuperCaucasian) to caricatured Chinese faces (SuperChinese). Participants were adapted to oppositely distorted faces that were a fixed physical distance apart on the morph continua. Larger opposite aftereffects were found following adaptation to faces from different race categories (e.g., contracted Chinese and expanded Caucasian faces), than for faces that were the same physical distance apart on the morph continua, but were within a race category (e.g., contracted SuperChinese and expanded Chinese faces). These results suggest that opposite aftereffects for Chinese and Caucasian faces reflect the recalibration of face neurons tuned to high-level social category information.
对于来自不同社会类别的面孔，比如中国面孔和高加索面孔，可以同时诱发相反的感知变化（后效应）。我们研究了这些后效应是在对面孔中的社会类别信息敏感的高级面孔编码中产生的，还是在对面孔之间简单物理差异敏感的早期视觉编码中产生的。我们对面孔刺激的种族进行了夸张处理，并创建了从夸张的高加索面孔（超级高加索人）到夸张的中国面孔（超级中国人）的面孔连续体。参与者适应了在形态连续体上物理距离固定的相反扭曲的面孔。结果发现，与在形态连续体上物理距离相同但属于同一种族类别的面孔（例如，收缩的超级中国人面孔和扩张的中国人面孔）相比，在适应来自不同种族类别的面孔（例如，收缩的中国面孔和扩张的高加索面孔）后，会出现更大的相反后效应。这些结果表明，中国面孔和高加索面孔的相反后效应反映了对面孔神经元的重新校准，这些神经元被调整到高级社会类别信息。
