Greenblatt David Yü, Chen Herbert
Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, University of Wisconsin, H4/750 Clinical Science Center, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
Surg Oncol. 2007 Dec;16(4):237-47. doi: 10.1016/j.suronc.2007.08.006. Epub 2007 Sep 14.
While most thyroid cancers are slow-growing and have an excellent prognosis after appropriate treatment, a subset of thyroid cancers behave aggressively, and approximately 1500 individuals in the US will die of the disease in the year 2007. Advanced thyroid malignancies can cause distressing and life-threatening symptoms by local invasion in the neck, growth of distant metastases in the lung, bone, and other organs, and tumor production of bioactive substances in the case of medullary thyroid cancer. This article will review palliative modalities, including surgery, radioactive iodine, external beam radiation, and chemotherapy, as well as novel targeted therapies, for the treatment of patients with advanced thyroid malignancies.
虽然大多数甲状腺癌生长缓慢，经过适当治疗后预后良好，但一部分甲状腺癌具有侵袭性，2007年美国约有1500人将死于该病。晚期甲状腺恶性肿瘤可通过颈部局部侵犯、肺、骨和其他器官远处转移灶的生长以及甲状腺髓样癌中肿瘤产生生物活性物质而导致令人痛苦且危及生命的症状。本文将综述用于治疗晚期甲状腺恶性肿瘤患者的姑息治疗方法，包括手术、放射性碘、外照射放疗和化疗，以及新型靶向治疗。
