Lazar A, Torney-Purta J
Montgomery County Public Schools, Rockville, MD.
Child Dev. 1991 Dec;62(6):1321-33.
A short-term longitudinal design and the probabilistic latent class method of analysis were used to study the development of young children's understanding of death. 99 first and second graders were interviewed individually in the fall and spring. The results support the notion that the subconcepts of death--irreversibility, cessation, causality, and inevitability--need to be studied separately and in relation to one another. Children first understand the subconcepts of irreversibility and inevitability. Development of these subconcepts does not seem to be conditional on each other. However, at least one of these subconcepts must be understood before the child understands the subconcepts of cessation or causality. The pattern of development of these subconcepts is different when the referent object is human versus animal. The overall methodology offers promise in understanding the development of these concepts in young children.
采用短期纵向设计和概率潜在类别分析方法，研究幼儿对死亡理解的发展。在秋季和春季分别对99名一年级和二年级学生进行了单独访谈。结果支持这样一种观点，即死亡的子概念——不可逆转性、终止、因果关系和必然性——需要分别进行研究，并研究它们之间的相互关系。儿童首先理解不可逆转性和必然性的子概念。这些子概念的发展似乎并不相互依赖。然而，在儿童理解终止或因果关系的子概念之前，必须至少理解其中一个子概念。当参照对象是人还是动物时，这些子概念的发展模式是不同的。总体方法为理解幼儿这些概念的发展提供了前景。
