焦虑症理解与治疗的最新进展

Recent advances in the understanding and treatment of anxiety disorders.

作者信息

Shearer Steven L

机构信息

Residency Training Program in Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Franklin Square Hospital Center, Baltimore, MD 21237, USA.

出版信息

Prim Care. 2007 Sep;34(3):475-504, v-vi. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2007.05.002.

DOI:10.1016/j.pop.2007.05.002

PMID:17868756

Abstract

Anxiety disorders usually are chronic or recurrent disorders characterized by stress sensitivity and a fluctuating course. Both psychopharmacologic and cognitive-behavioral treatments are well-established, evidence-based treatments for panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Exposure-based behavioral treatment is well established as evidence-based treatment for specific phobias. Primary care physicians can make a significant impact on patients' lives by identifying and educating about anxiety disorders, directing patients to appropriate self-help resources, choosing evidence-based drug treatment when indicated, and making referrals for specialist care.

摘要

焦虑症通常是慢性或复发性疾病，其特征为对压力敏感且病程波动。心理药物治疗和认知行为治疗都是针对惊恐障碍、社交焦虑障碍、广泛性焦虑障碍和强迫症的成熟的、基于证据的治疗方法。基于暴露的行为治疗是针对特定恐惧症的成熟的循证治疗方法。初级保健医生通过识别和教育焦虑症患者、引导患者获取适当的自助资源、在有指征时选择基于证据的药物治疗以及转诊至专科护理，可对患者的生活产生重大影响。