Roy-Byrne P, Wingerson D, Cowley D, Dager S
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1993 Dec;16(4):719-35.
The anxiety disorders discussed in this article are common, affecting 5% to 10% of the general population. They may cause significant distress and disability and are often complicated by substance abuse and depression. Fortunately, these disorders can be treated successfully in the majority of patients, with alleviation of the most distressing symptoms and significant improvement in occupational and social functioning. Systematic research studies during the past decade have identified both specific medication-responsive anxiety syndromes and a variety of psychopharmacologic agents effective in their management. Psychopharmacologic treatment, often in combination with cognitive-behavioral therapies, can be tailored for the individual patient based on that patient's specific anxiety syndrome, comorbid disorders, and vulnerability to side effects. Careful monitoring of target symptoms can be used to assess the efficacy of treatment. Future research will help to develop new classes of antianxiety agents for currently treatment-resistant patients, and to investigate further the necessary duration of psychopharmacologic treatment.
本文所讨论的焦虑症很常见，影响着5%至10%的普通人群。它们可能会导致严重的痛苦和功能障碍，并且常常并发药物滥用和抑郁症。幸运的是，这些疾病在大多数患者中都能得到成功治疗，最令人痛苦的症状会得到缓解，职业和社会功能也会有显著改善。在过去十年中，系统的研究已经确定了特定的药物反应性焦虑综合征以及多种对其治疗有效的精神药物。精神药物治疗通常与认知行为疗法相结合，可以根据个体患者的特定焦虑综合征、共病疾病以及对副作用的易感性进行量身定制。对目标症状的仔细监测可用于评估治疗效果。未来的研究将有助于为目前对治疗有抵抗性的患者开发新型抗焦虑药物，并进一步研究精神药物治疗的必要疗程。
