Soares Pedro Marcos G, Lima Ricardo F, de Freitas Pires Alana, Souza Emmanuel P, Assreuy Ana Maria S, Criddle David N
Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, ISCB-CCS, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Paranjana 1700, 60740-000, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil.
Life Sci. 2007 Sep 8;81(13):1085-93. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.08.027. Epub 2007 Sep 4.
Anethole is a naturally occurring aromatic oxidant, present in a variety of medicinal plant extracts, which is commonly used by the food and beverage industry. Despite its widespread occurrence and commercial use, there is currently little information regarding effects of this compound on the vasculature. Therefore the actions of anethole on the contractility of rat isolated aorta were compared with those of eugenol, and their respective isomeric forms, estragole and isoeugenol. In aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine (PE; 1 microM), anethole (10(-6) M-10(-4) M) induced contraction in preparations possessing an intact endothelium, but not in endothelium-denuded tissues. At higher concentrations (10(-3) M-10(-2) M), anethole-induced concentration-dependent and complete relaxation of all precontracted preparations, irrespective of whether the endothelium was intact or not, an action shared by eugenol, estragole and isoeugenol. The contractile and relaxant effects of anethole in PE-precontracted preparations were not altered by L-NAME (10 microM) or indomethacin (10 microM), indicating that neither nitric oxide nor prostaglandins were involved in these actions. The mixed profile of effects was not confined to PE-mediated contraction, since similar responses were obtained to anethole when tissues were precontracted with 25 mM KCl. Anethole and estragole (10(-6)-10(-4) M), but not eugenol or isoeugenol, increased the basal tonus of endothelium-denuded aortic rings, an action that was abolished by VDCC blockers nifedipine (1 microM) and diltiazem (1 microM), or by withdrawal of extracellular Ca(2+). Our data suggest complex effects of anethole on isolated blood vessels, inducing contraction at lower doses, mediated via opening of voltage-dependent Ca(2+)-channels, and relaxant effects at higher concentrations that are shared by structural analogues.
茴香脑是一种天然存在的芳香族氧化剂，存在于多种药用植物提取物中，食品和饮料行业常用。尽管其广泛存在并被商业使用，但目前关于该化合物对脉管系统影响的信息很少。因此，将茴香脑对大鼠离体主动脉收缩性的作用与丁香酚及其各自的异构体形式，即草蒿脑和异丁香酚进行了比较。在用去氧肾上腺素（PE；1 μM）预收缩的主动脉环中，茴香脑（10⁻⁶ M - 10⁻⁴ M）在具有完整内皮的制剂中诱导收缩，但在内皮剥脱的组织中则不然。在较高浓度（10⁻³ M - 10⁻² M）下，茴香脑诱导所有预收缩制剂浓度依赖性且完全的舒张，无论内皮是否完整，丁香酚、草蒿脑和异丁香酚也有此作用。茴香脑在PE预收缩制剂中的收缩和舒张作用不受L - 硝基精氨酸甲酯（L - NAME，10 μM）或吲哚美辛（10 μM）的影响，表明一氧化氮和前列腺素均不参与这些作用。这种混合效应并不局限于PE介导的收缩，因为当组织用25 mM氯化钾预收缩时，对茴香脑也获得了类似的反应。茴香脑和草蒿脑（10⁻⁶ - 10⁻⁴ M），但不是丁香酚或异丁香酚，增加了内皮剥脱的主动脉环的基础张力，这种作用被电压依赖性钙通道阻滞剂硝苯地平（1 μM）和地尔硫䓬（1 μM）或通过去除细胞外钙所消除。我们的数据表明茴香脑对离体血管有复杂的作用，在较低剂量下通过电压依赖性钙通道开放介导诱导收缩，在较高浓度下具有结构类似物共有的舒张作用。
