Knoll-Köhler E, Lewitzki O
Institut für Pharmakologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
J Dent. 1991 Aug;19(4):236-40. doi: 10.1016/0300-5712(91)90125-i.
Since knowledge of the bioavailability of adrenaline from the intraoral submucosal depot is a prerequisite for its safe use in dentistry, the time-dependent effects of adrenaline on the plasma adrenaline level and cardiohaemodynamic parameters were studied with invasive methods in adrenalectomized, anaesthetized rats after injection of adrenaline (4.0 micrograms/kg body wt) into the mucobuccal fold lateral to the upper right incisor. The absolute bioavailability of adrenaline from this intraoral submucosal depot was 16.8 per cent. Peak values for arterial plasma adrenaline and arterial blood pressure, maximal rate of rise of pressure in the left ventricle and heart rate were measured as early as 5 s after an injection period of 10 s. The different velocities at which the individual parameters returned to the basal state showed that the measurement of heart rate is an insensitive indicator of systemic adrenaline. Due to the absorption kinetics of adrenaline from intraoral tissue it may be concluded that the method of injection has a decisive influence on arterial adrenaline concentration and thus on cardiovascular response.
由于了解口腔内粘膜下 depot 中肾上腺素的生物利用度是其在牙科安全使用的前提条件，因此在右上切牙外侧的粘膜颊褶处向肾上腺切除、麻醉的大鼠注射肾上腺素（4.0 微克/千克体重）后，采用侵入性方法研究了肾上腺素对血浆肾上腺素水平和心脏血液动力学参数的时间依赖性影响。来自该口腔内粘膜下 depot 的肾上腺素的绝对生物利用度为 16.8%。在 10 秒注射期后的 5 秒内，就测量到了动脉血浆肾上腺素和动脉血压的峰值、左心室压力的最大上升速率以及心率。各个参数恢复到基础状态的不同速度表明，心率测量是全身肾上腺素的不敏感指标。由于肾上腺素从口腔组织的吸收动力学，可以得出结论，注射方法对动脉肾上腺素浓度以及心血管反应具有决定性影响。
