Shaiman S, Porter R J
Graduate Department of Speech Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1991 Dec;90(6):3000-7. doi: 10.1121/1.401774.
Relational invariants have been reported in the timing of articulatory gestures across suprasegmental changes, such as rate and stress. In the current study, the relative timing of the upper lip and jaw was investigated across changes in both suprasegmental and segmental characteristics of speech. The onset of upper lip movement relative to the vowel-to-vowel jaw cycle during intervocalic bilabial production was represented as a phase angle, and analyzed across changes in stress, vowel height, and vowel/diphthong identity. Results indicated that the relative timing of the upper lip and jaw varied systematically with changes in stress and vowel/diphthong identity, while remaining constant across changes in vowel height. It appears that modifications in relative timing may be due to adjustments in the jaw cycle as a result of the compound nature of jaw movement for diphthongs as compared to vowels, with further modifications due to the effect of stress on these compound movements.
在诸如语速和重音等超音段变化过程中，发音动作的时间关系不变性已被报道。在本研究中，我们研究了在语音的超音段和音段特征变化过程中，上唇和下颌的相对时间关系。在元音间双唇音发音过程中，上唇运动相对于元音到元音的下颌周期的起始被表示为一个相位角，并针对重音、元音高度和元音/双元音特性的变化进行了分析。结果表明，上唇和下颌的相对时间关系随重音和元音/双元音特性的变化而系统地变化，而在元音高度变化时保持不变。似乎相对时间关系的改变可能是由于与元音相比，双元音下颌运动的复合性质导致下颌周期调整的结果，并且由于重音对这些复合运动的影响而有进一步的改变。
