García-Labiano Francisco, Gayán Pilar, Adánez Juan, De Diego Luis F, Forero Carmen R
Department of Energy and Environment, Instituto de Carboquímica (C.S.I.C.), Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Aug 15;41(16):5882-7. doi: 10.1021/es070642n.
Waste management generated from a Chemical-Looping Combustion (CLC) plant using copper-based materials is analyzed by two ways: the recovery and recycling of the used material and the disposal of the waste. A copper recovery process coupled to the CLC plant is proposed to avoid the loss of active material generated by elutriation from the system. Solid residues obtained from a 10 kWth CLC prototype operated during 100 h with a CuO-Al2O3 oxygen carrier prepared by impregnation were used as raw material in the recovery process. Recovering efficiencies of approximately 80% were obtained in the process, where the final products were an eluate of Cu(NO3)2 and a solid. The eluate was used for preparation of new oxygen carriers by impregnation, which exhibited high reactivity for reduction and oxidation reactions as well as adequate physical and chemical properties to be used in a CLC plant. The proposed recovery process largely decreases the amount of natural resources (Cu and Al203) employed in a CLC power plant as well as the waste generated in the process. To determine the stability of the different solid streams during deposition in a landfill, these were characterized with respect to their leaching behavior according to the European Union normative. The solid residue finally obtained in the CLC plant coupled to the recovery process (composed by Al2O3 and CuAl2O4) can be classified as a stable nonreactive hazardous waste acceptable at landfills for nonhazardous wastes.
采用两种方式分析了使用铜基材料的化学链燃烧（CLC）工厂产生的废物管理：废旧材料的回收利用和废物处置。提出了一种与CLC工厂相结合的铜回收工艺，以避免系统中因淘析产生的活性材料损失。从一个10kWth的CLC原型机中获得的固体残渣被用作回收工艺的原料，该原型机使用浸渍法制备的CuO-Al2O3氧载体运行了100小时。该工艺的回收效率约为80%，最终产品是Cu(NO3)2洗脱液和一种固体。洗脱液用于通过浸渍制备新的氧载体，该氧载体对还原和氧化反应表现出高反应活性，以及具有适用于CLC工厂的物理和化学性质。所提出的回收工艺大大减少了CLC发电厂中使用的自然资源（铜和Al2O3）的数量以及该过程中产生的废物。为了确定不同固体流在垃圾填埋场沉积期间的稳定性，根据欧盟规范对它们的浸出行为进行了表征。与回收工艺相结合的CLC工厂最终获得的固体残渣（由Al2O3和CuAl2O4组成）可归类为一种稳定的非反应性危险废物，可在非危险废物填埋场接受。
