Fanslow Janet L, Robinson Elizabeth M, Crengle Sue, Perese Lana
Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Child Abuse Negl. 2007 Sep;31(9):935-45. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.02.009. Epub 2007 Sep 17.
The objective is to describe the prevalence of child sexual abuse (CSA) among women in New Zealand, document ethnic specific rates, and outline the frequency of abuse experienced and the most commonly identified perpetrators. Associations between CSA and later adverse consequences were also explored.
Retrospective report from a random sample of 2,855 women aged 18-64 years old in two regions in New Zealand. Face-to-face interviews with one randomly selected woman from each household were conducted.
The overall prevalence rates for CSA were 23.5% for women from the urban region and 28.2% from the rural region. In both urban and rural regions, Māori women more frequently reported experiences of CSA than women from European and other ethnic groups (urban: 30.5% vs. 17.0% and rural: 35.1% vs. 20.7%). The median age of onset of the abuse was 9 years, and the median estimated age of the abuser was 30 years. Half of those who experienced CSA reported that it occurred once or twice, 27% "a few times," and 23% "multiple times." Sole perpetrators were involved in 83% of cases. The majority of cases were perpetrated by a family member, most frequently male. Compared with non-victims, victims of CSA were twice as likely to experience later intimate partner violence and violence by others.
This study reports on a large, population-based sample in an ethnically diverse population in New Zealand, providing the first ethnic-specific rates of CSA available. Findings suggest important priorities for prevention and intervention activities.
描述新西兰女性中儿童性虐待（CSA）的流行情况，记录特定种族的发生率，并概述所经历虐待的频率以及最常确认的施虐者。还探讨了CSA与后期不良后果之间的关联。
对新西兰两个地区2855名年龄在18 - 64岁之间的女性进行随机抽样的回顾性报告。对每户随机抽取的一名女性进行面对面访谈。
城市地区女性的CSA总体发生率为23.5%，农村地区为28.2%。在城市和农村地区，毛利女性报告CSA经历的频率均高于欧洲及其他种族的女性（城市：30.5%对17.0%；农村：35.1%对20.7%）。虐待开始的中位年龄为9岁，施虐者的估计中位年龄为30岁。经历CSA的人中，一半报告其发生过一两次，27%报告“几次”，23%报告“多次”。83%的案件涉及单独施虐者。大多数案件由家庭成员实施，最常见的是男性。与未受虐者相比，CSA受害者遭受后期亲密伴侣暴力和他人暴力的可能性是未受虐者的两倍。
本研究报告了新西兰一个种族多样化人群中基于大量人口的样本，提供了首个可用的特定种族CSA发生率。研究结果为预防和干预活动提出了重要的优先事项。
