Liénard David, Sourrouille Christophe, Gomord Véronique, Faye Loïc
Université de Rouen, CNRS UMR 6037, IFRMP 23, GDR 2590, Faculté des Sciences, Bât. Ext. Biologie, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan cedex, France.
Biotechnol Annu Rev. 2007;13:115-47. doi: 10.1016/S1387-2656(07)13006-4.
Plant represented the essence of pharmacopoeia until the beginning of the 19th century when plant-derived pharmaceuticals were partly supplanted by drugs produced by the industrial methods of chemical synthesis. In the last decades, genetic engineering has offered an alternative to chemical synthesis, using bacteria, yeasts and animal cells as factories for the production of therapeutic proteins. More recently, molecular farming has rapidly pushed towards plants among the major players in recombinant protein production systems. Indeed, therapeutic protein production is safe and extremely cost-effective in plants. Unlike microbial fermentation, plants are capable of carrying out post-translational modifications and, unlike production systems based on mammalian cell cultures, plants are devoid of human infective viruses and prions. Furthermore, a large panel of strategies and new plant expression systems are currently developed to improve the plant-made pharmaceutical's yields and quality. Recent advances in the control of post-translational maturations in transgenic plants will allow them, in the near future, to perform human-like maturations on recombinant proteins and, hence, make plant expression systems suitable alternatives to animal cell factories.
直到19世纪初，植物一直代表着药典的精髓，那时植物源药物部分被化学合成工业方法生产的药物所取代。在过去几十年里，基因工程提供了一种化学合成的替代方法，利用细菌、酵母和动物细胞作为生产治疗性蛋白质的工厂。最近，分子农业在重组蛋白质生产系统的主要参与者中迅速将重点转向了植物。事实上，在植物中生产治疗性蛋白质既安全又极具成本效益。与微生物发酵不同，植物能够进行翻译后修饰，与基于哺乳动物细胞培养的生产系统不同，植物不含人类感染性病毒和朊病毒。此外，目前正在开发大量策略和新的植物表达系统，以提高植物制造药物的产量和质量。转基因植物中翻译后成熟控制方面的最新进展将使它们在不久的将来能够对重组蛋白质进行类似人类的成熟过程，从而使植物表达系统成为动物细胞工厂的合适替代方案。
