Mitchell Kimberly A, Rawl Susan M, Schmidt C Max, Grant Marcia, Ko Clifford Y, Baldwin Carol M, Wendel Christopher, Krouse Robert S
School of Nursing, Indiana University Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2007 Sep-Oct;34(5):524-32. doi: 10.1097/01.WON.0000290732.15947.9e.
The study aims were to identify demographic, clinical, and quality of life variables related to embarrassment for people living with ostomies and to determine the experiences and/or feelings of veterans who were embarrassed by their ostomy.
This was a cross-sectional, correlational study.
A convenience sample of veterans (n = 239) living with ostomies from 3 VA medical centers was studied. The veterans were primarily Caucasian (84%), male (92%), and older (M = 69).
The modified City of Hope Quality of Life-Ostomy questionnaire was used. Additionally, an open-ended question related to living with an ostomy was asked.
The questionnaire packets were mailed to participants and self-administered.
Approximately half of the participants (48%) rated their embarrassment as low, but 26% reported high embarrassment. Participants with high embarrassment were compared to those with low embarrassment on demographic, clinical, and quality of life variables. High embarrassment was associated with poorer total quality of life (P < .001) and poorer quality of life on the physical (P < .001), psychological (P < .001), social (P < .001), and spiritual (P < .001) subscales. Younger (P < .001) and unpartnered veterans (P < .001) were more likely to be highly embarrassed. Veterans with high embarrassment had higher anxiety (P < .001) and depression (P < .001), more difficulty with intimacy (P < .001), and felt more isolated (P < .001). Spiritual domain variables like hopefulness were associated with low embarrassment (P < .001). Sources of embarrassment included leakage, odor, and noise.
Embarrassment may negatively impact a person's quality of life; therefore, the variables associated with high embarrassment should be recognized and addressed.
本研究旨在确定与造口人士尴尬情绪相关的人口统计学、临床和生活质量变量，并了解因造口而感到尴尬的退伍军人的经历和/或感受。
这是一项横断面相关性研究。
对来自3个退伍军人事务部医疗中心的239名有造口的退伍军人进行便利抽样研究。这些退伍军人主要是白人（84%）、男性（92%），且年龄较大（平均年龄69岁）。
使用改良的希望之城造口生活质量问卷。此外，还询问了一个与造口生活相关的开放式问题。
将问卷包邮寄给参与者，由他们自行填写。
约一半的参与者（48%）将自己的尴尬程度评为低，但26%的人报告尴尬程度高。将尴尬程度高的参与者与尴尬程度低的参与者在人口统计学、临床和生活质量变量方面进行比较。尴尬程度高与总体生活质量较差（P < .001）以及身体（P < .001）、心理（P < .001）、社会（P < .001）和精神（P < .001）子量表的生活质量较差相关。年龄较小的退伍军人（P < .001）和未婚退伍军人（P < .001）更有可能感到高度尴尬。尴尬程度高的退伍军人焦虑程度更高（P < .001）、抑郁程度更高（P < .001），在亲密关系方面更困难（P < .001），且感觉更孤立（P < .001）。像希望感这样的精神领域变量与低尴尬程度相关（P < .001）。尴尬的来源包括渗漏、气味和噪音。
尴尬可能会对一个人的生活质量产生负面影响；因此，应识别并处理与高度尴尬相关的变量。
