评估地方层面参加妇女、婴儿和儿童营养补充计划人群中未接种疫苗情况及与疫苗接种相关的障碍。
Assessment of missing immunizations and immunization-related barriers among WIC populations at the local level.
作者信息
Ghosh Tista S, Patnaik Jennifer L, Bennett Anne, Trefren Lynn, Vogt Richard L
机构信息
Tri-County Health Department, 7000 E. Belleview Ave., Ste. 301, Greenwood Village, CO 80111, USA.
出版信息
Public Health Rep. 2007 Sep-Oct;122(5):602-6. doi: 10.1177/003335490712200507.
OBJECTIVE
Low childhood immunization rates have been a challenge in Colorado, an issue that was exacerbated by a diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine shortage that began in 2001. To combat this shortage, the locally based Tri-County Health Department conducted a study to assess immunization-related barriers among children in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), a population at risk for undervaccination.
METHODS
This study assessed characteristics and perceptions of WIC mothers in conjunction with their children's immunization status in four clinics.
RESULTS
Results indicated poor immunization rates, which improved with assessment and referral. The uninsured were at higher risk for undervaccination. DTaP was the most commonly missing vaccine, and discrepancies existed between the children's perceived and actual immunization status, particularly regarding DTaP. Targeted interventions were initiated as a result of this study.
CONCLUSION
Local health departments should target immunization-related interventions by assessing their own WIC populations to identify unique vaccine-related deficiencies, misperceptions, and high-risk subpopulations.
目的
儿童免疫接种率低一直是科罗拉多州面临的一项挑战，2001年开始的白喉-破伤风-无细胞百日咳（DTaP）疫苗短缺使这一问题更加严重。为应对这一短缺情况，当地的三县卫生部门开展了一项研究，以评估妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养计划（WIC）中儿童的免疫接种相关障碍，该计划覆盖人群存在疫苗接种不足的风险。
方法
本研究结合四个诊所中WIC母亲的特征及她们对孩子免疫接种状况的看法进行评估。
结果
结果显示免疫接种率较低，经评估和转诊后有所改善。未参保者疫苗接种不足的风险更高。DTaP是最常漏种的疫苗，儿童感知到的免疫接种状况与实际免疫接种状况之间存在差异，尤其是在DTaP方面。基于此项研究启动了针对性干预措施。
结论
地方卫生部门应通过评估自身的WIC人群，确定与疫苗相关的独特缺陷、误解及高危亚人群，从而开展与免疫接种相关的干预措施。
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