Zuidhof M J, Renema R A, Robinson F E
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2P5.
Poult Sci. 2007 Oct;86(10):2278-86. doi: 10.1093/ps/86.10.2278.
A 3 x 4 x 2 factorial trial was performed to test the effect of 3 broiler breeder strains, 4 target BW profiles, and 2 photostimulation ages on egg and chick production. Hubbard Hi-Y, Ross 508, and Ross 708 pullets were reared on BW profiles that separated at 4 wk and converged at 32 wk: standard (approximate mean target BW profile of the 3 strains used), low (12-wk BW target = 25% lower than standard followed by rapid gain to 32 wk), moderate (12-wk BW target = 150% of standard followed by lower rate of gain to 32 wk), and high (12-wk BW target = 200% of standard followed by minimal growth to 32 wk). Birds were photostimulated at 18 (18WK) or 22 wk (22WK). Twelve birds per interaction (n = 288) were individually caged at 17 wk and monitored for egg and chick production to 58 wk of age. The low BW profile delayed onset of lay, particularly in 18WK hens. Low and standard birds had a greater initial egg weight than moderate birds. The 18WK photostimulation age resulted in production of 31 small eggs (<52 g) compared with 15 in 22-wk birds. A settable (52 g) egg weight was reached earliest by standard birds (187 d of age). Average prime sequence length was reduced by 7.0 eggs in moderate and high birds compared with other profiles. The 18WK hens laid 9 more eggs (174) than 22WK birds, with no effect on unsettable eggs. The 22WK birds laid 7 more settable eggs due to increased early egg size. Total egg output was similar among BW profile treatments, although Ross 708-high hens under-performed compared with the other 708 profiles. The Ross 508-high birds laid the same number of eggs as Ross 508-standard birds (mean = 178.7). Feeding profiles affected egg production traits differently among strains. Feed intake had more effect on egg size and early production traits than BW profile or BW.
进行了一项3×4×2析因试验，以测试3种肉种鸡品系、4种目标体重曲线和2个光刺激年龄对产蛋和产雏的影响。哈伯德Hi-Y、罗斯508和罗斯708小母鸡按照在4周龄时分开并在32周龄时趋同的体重曲线饲养：标准（所用3个品系的近似平均目标体重曲线）、低（12周龄体重目标比标准低25%，随后快速增重至32周龄）、中（12周龄体重目标为标准的150%，随后增重速率降低至32周龄）和高（12周龄体重目标为标准的200%，随后至32周龄生长极少）。在18周龄（18WK）或22周龄（22WK）对鸡进行光刺激。每种组合（n = 288）有12只鸡在17周龄时单独笼养，并监测至58周龄的产蛋和产雏情况。低体重曲线延迟了产蛋开始时间，尤其是在18WK的母鸡中。低体重曲线和标准体重曲线的鸡初始蛋重比中等体重曲线的鸡更大。18WK的光刺激年龄导致产下31个小蛋（<52克），而22周龄的鸡产下15个。标准体重曲线的鸡最早达到可设定的（52克）蛋重（187日龄）。与其他体重曲线相比，中等体重曲线和高体重曲线的鸡平均主序列长度减少了7.0枚蛋。18WK的母鸡比22WK的母鸡多产9枚蛋（174枚），对不可设定蛋数没有影响。22WK的鸡由于早期蛋尺寸增加，可设定蛋数多7枚。体重曲线处理之间的总产蛋量相似，尽管罗斯708高体重曲线的母鸡与其他708体重曲线相比表现较差。罗斯508高体重曲线的鸡产蛋数与罗斯508标准体重曲线的鸡相同（平均 = 178.7枚）。饲养体重曲线对不同品系的产蛋性状影响不同。采食量对蛋大小和早期生产性状的影响大于体重曲线或体重本身。
