Resgalla Charrid, Noldin José A, Tamanaha Márico S, Deschamps Francisco C, Eberhardt D S, Rörig L R
CTTMar - UNIVALI, CxP 360, 88 302-202, Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
Ecotoxicology. 2007 Nov;16(8):565-71. doi: 10.1007/s10646-007-0165-x. Epub 2007 Sep 19.
Deterministic and probabilistic risk analyses were carried out for seven hydrographic basins in the State of Santa Catarina (Brazil), where irrigated rice is cultivated. Monitoring studies conducted in 1998/1999 and 1999/2000 had found that the herbicide quinclorac was the most frequently detected agrochemical residue, occurring in five of the seven hydrographic basins. In order to assess the ecological risk posed by quinclorac, median lethal concentration (LC(50)) and median effective concentration (EC(50)) data were obtained for quinclorac in toxicity tests with organisms routinely used in Brazil for this purpose. Experiments were carried out on microcosms associated with the irrigated rice crop to evaluate the effects of the herbicide on the natural plankton community. The deterministic analyses showed that the risk presented by the herbicide residues to the phytoplankton require mitigating action, while the probabilistic analysis revealed that the levels of risk for the aquatic community were acceptable. Field experiments showed that the recommended application concentration of the product directly affects phytoplankton and has an indirect, short-term effect on the zooplankton community.
对巴西圣卡塔琳娜州七个种植灌溉水稻的水文流域进行了确定性和概率性风险分析。1998/1999年和1999/2000年进行的监测研究发现，除草剂二氯喹啉酸是最常检测到的农用化学品残留，在七个水文流域中的五个流域都有出现。为了评估二氯喹啉酸带来的生态风险，在巴西为此目的常规使用的生物的毒性试验中获得了二氯喹啉酸的半数致死浓度（LC(50)）和半数有效浓度（EC(50)）数据。针对与灌溉水稻作物相关的微宇宙开展了实验，以评估该除草剂对天然浮游生物群落的影响。确定性分析表明，除草剂残留对浮游植物构成的风险需要采取缓解措施，而概率性分析显示，水生群落的风险水平是可接受的。田间实验表明，该产品的推荐施用浓度直接影响浮游植物，并对浮游动物群落有间接的短期影响。
