May Carl, Finch Tracy, Mair Frances, Ballini Luciana, Dowrick Christopher, Eccles Martin, Gask Linda, MacFarlane Anne, Murray Elizabeth, Rapley Tim, Rogers Anne, Treweek Shaun, Wallace Paul, Anderson George, Burns Jo, Heaven Ben
Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, 21 Claremont Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AA, UK.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2007 Sep 19;7:148. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-7-148.
The Normalization Process Model is a theoretical model that assists in explaining the processes by which complex interventions become routinely embedded in health care practice. It offers a framework for process evaluation and also for comparative studies of complex interventions. It focuses on the factors that promote or inhibit the routine embedding of complex interventions in health care practice.
A formal theory structure is used to define the model, and its internal causal relations and mechanisms. The model is broken down to show that it is consistent and adequate in generating accurate description, systematic explanation, and the production of rational knowledge claims about the workability and integration of complex interventions.
The model explains the normalization of complex interventions by reference to four factors demonstrated to promote or inhibit the operationalization and embedding of complex interventions (interactional workability, relational integration, skill-set workability, and contextual integration).
The model is consistent and adequate. Repeated calls for theoretically sound process evaluations in randomized controlled trials of complex interventions, and policy-makers who call for a proper understanding of implementation processes, emphasize the value of conceptual tools like the Normalization Process Model.
规范化过程模型是一种理论模型，有助于解释复杂干预措施在医疗保健实践中常规化嵌入的过程。它为过程评估以及复杂干预措施的比较研究提供了一个框架。它关注促进或抑制复杂干预措施在医疗保健实践中常规化嵌入的因素。
使用正式的理论结构来定义该模型及其内部因果关系和机制。对该模型进行分解，以表明它在生成关于复杂干预措施的可行性和整合的准确描述、系统解释以及合理知识主张方面是一致且充分的。
该模型通过参考四个已证明可促进或抑制复杂干预措施的实施和嵌入的因素（交互可行性、关系整合、技能集可行性和情境整合）来解释复杂干预措施的规范化。
该模型是一致且充分的。在复杂干预措施的随机对照试验中，反复呼吁进行理论上合理的过程评估，以及政策制定者呼吁正确理解实施过程，都强调了像规范化过程模型这样的概念工具的价值。
