Crimmins Nancy A, Dolan Lawrence M, Martin Lisa J, Bean Judy A, Daniels Stephen R, Lawson M Louise, Goodman Elizabeth, Woo Jessica G
Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
J Pediatr. 2007 Oct;151(4):383-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.04.005. Epub 2007 Aug 23.
A 4-year longitudinal study was conducted to determine the prevalence of overweight, detect shifts in body mass index (BMI) distribution, and determine which adolescents were at risk for pathologic weight gain.
BMI was analyzed in 1746 adolescents in years 1 (2001-2002) through 4 (2004-2005) of a school-based study. Changes in BMI-Z according to baseline BMI category were examined with general linear modeling.
In year 1, the prevalence of at risk for overweight (BMI = 85th-95th percentile) and overweight (BMI > or = 95th percentile) was 19.1% and 18.1%, respectively. Between years 1 and 4, the cohort exhibited no increase in the prevalence of at risk for overweight (19.1% versus 17.2%) or overweight (18.2% versus 18.8%; P > .5). The mean BMI Z-score (BMI-Z) for the cohort was identical in years 1 and 4 (0.66 +/- 1.0 Z-score units). Although the overall cohort exhibited stability in BMI-Z, individuals at the lowest categories of BMI-Z (year 1 BMI Z-score < 0) exhibited significant increases in BMI Z-score by year 4 (P < .01), with lean girls gaining more than lean boys (P for difference < .007).
The study cohort exhibited stability in adiposity during 3 years of follow-up. However, lean adolescents, particularly girls, experienced significant increases in BMI-Z, beyond that expected for age- and sex-related growth.
开展一项为期4年的纵向研究，以确定超重的患病率，检测体重指数（BMI）分布的变化，并确定哪些青少年存在病理性体重增加的风险。
在一项基于学校的研究中，对1746名青少年在第1年（2001 - 2002年）至第4年（2004 - 2005年）的BMI进行了分析。采用一般线性模型检查了根据基线BMI类别划分的BMI-Z变化情况。
在第1年，超重风险（BMI = 第85至95百分位数）和超重（BMI≥第95百分位数）的患病率分别为19.1%和18.1%。在第1年至第4年期间，该队列超重风险的患病率（19.1%对17.2%）或超重的患病率（18.2%对18.8%；P > 0.5）均未增加。该队列在第1年和第4年的平均BMI Z评分（BMI-Z）相同（0.66±1.0 Z评分单位）。尽管整个队列的BMI-Z表现稳定，但BMI-Z最低类别（第1年BMI Z评分<0）的个体在第4年时BMI Z评分有显著增加（P < 0.01），瘦女孩的增加幅度大于瘦男孩（差异P < 0.007）。
该研究队列在3年的随访期间肥胖程度保持稳定。然而，瘦青少年，尤其是女孩，BMI-Z的增加幅度超过了与年龄和性别相关的预期增长幅度。
