Pratt Charlotte A, Lemon Stephenie C, Fernandez Isabel Diana, Goetzel Ron, Beresford Shirley A, French Simone A, Stevens Victor J, Vogt Thomas M, Webber Larry S
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, 6701 Rockledge Drive, MSC 7936, Room 10118, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007 Sep;15(9):2171-80. doi: 10.1038/oby.2007.258.
This paper describes the design characteristics of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)-funded studies that are testing innovative environmental interventions for weight control and obesity prevention at worksites.
Seven separate studies that have a total of 114 worksites ( approximately 48,000 employees) across studies are being conducted. The worksite settings include hotels, hospitals, manufacturing facilities, businesses, schools, and bus garages located across the U.S. Each study uses its own conceptual model drawn from the literature and includes the socio-ecological model for health promotion, the epidemiological triad, and those integrating organizational and social contexts. The interventions, which are offered to all employees, include environmental- and individual-level approaches to improve physical activity and promote healthful eating practices. Environmental strategies include reducing portion sizes, modifying cafeteria recipes to lower their fat contents, and increasing the accessibility of fitness equipment at the workplace. Across all seven studies about 48% (N = 23,000) of the population is randomly selected for measurements. The primary outcome measure is change in BMI or body weight after two years of intervention. Secondary measures include waist circumference, objective, and self-report measures of physical activity, dietary intake, changes in vending machines and cafeteria food offerings, work productivity, healthcare use, and return on investment.
The results of these studies could have important implications for the design and implementation of worksite overweight and obesity control programs.
本文描述了由美国国立心肺血液研究所（NHLBI）资助的各项研究的设计特点，这些研究正在测试针对工作场所体重控制和肥胖预防的创新性环境干预措施。
正在开展七项独立研究，这些研究总共涉及114个工作场所（约48000名员工）。工作场所包括美国各地的酒店、医院、制造工厂、企业、学校和公交车库。每项研究都采用了从文献中得出的自身概念模型，包括健康促进的社会生态模型、疾病流行三角模型，以及整合了组织和社会背景的模型。提供给所有员工的干预措施包括改善身体活动和促进健康饮食行为的环境层面和个人层面的方法。环境策略包括减小食物分量、修改自助餐厅食谱以降低脂肪含量，以及增加工作场所健身设备的可及性。在所有七项研究中，约48%（N = 23000）的人群被随机选取进行测量。主要结局指标是干预两年后的体重指数（BMI）或体重变化。次要指标包括腰围、身体活动的客观和自我报告指标、饮食摄入量、自动售货机和自助餐厅食物供应的变化、工作效率、医疗保健使用情况以及投资回报率。
这些研究结果可能对工作场所超重和肥胖控制项目的设计与实施具有重要意义。
