Kenjo Tomoko, Ishide Yuka, Aoyama Koji, Ichinoe Masakatsu
Tokyo Kasei University, 1-18-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8602, Japan.
Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi. 2007 Aug;48(4):90-6. doi: 10.3358/shokueishi.48.90.
The fungal population and distribution of aflatoxin-producing fungi in 30 samples of imported almond powder products purchased from retail markets were examined in this study. Total counts of fungi ranged from under 1.0 x 10 colony-forming units (CFU)/g to 8.5 x 10(3) CFU/g as determined with the dilution plating technique. The predominant fungi in the mould-contaminated almond samples were Aspergillus niger, A. flavus and the related species, Penicillium, Cladosporium and Rhizopus. Aflatoxin-producing ability in the isolates of A. flavus and related fungi were tested by thin layer chromatography using 2% yeast extract and 15% sucrose broth culture. Four different aflatoxigenic fungi were detected in the isolates; aflatoxins B1 and B2 were produced by some strains of A. flavus and A. parvisclerotigenus, and aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 were produced by all tested strains of A. parasiticus and A. nomius. Identification of the strains was based on morphological and metabolic characters.
本研究检测了从零售市场购买的30份进口杏仁粉产品中真菌菌群及产黄曲霉毒素真菌的分布情况。采用稀释平板法测定，真菌总数在每克低于1.0×10菌落形成单位（CFU）至8.5×10³CFU/g之间。受霉菌污染的杏仁样品中主要真菌为黑曲霉、黄曲霉及其相关种属，青霉、枝孢菌和根霉。采用2%酵母提取物和15%蔗糖肉汤培养，通过薄层色谱法检测黄曲霉及其相关真菌分离株的产黄曲霉毒素能力。在分离株中检测到四种不同的产黄曲霉毒素真菌；黄曲霉和微小菌核黄曲霉的一些菌株产生黄曲霉毒素B1和B2，寄生曲霉和诺米曲霉的所有测试菌株均产生黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2。菌株鉴定基于形态学和代谢特征。
