Kwaśniewska Magdalena, Bielecki Wojciech, Kaczmarczyk-Chałas Krystyna, Małgorzata Pikala, Drygas Wojciech
Katedra Medycyny Społecznej i Zapobiegawczej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi.
Przegl Lek. 2007;64(2):61-4.
Recent epidemiologic studies have provided clear evidence of the substantial health benefits of following a healthy lifestyle. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of healthy lifestyle behaviors in the representative sample of adult inhabitants of two Polish counties (Lodz and Lublin voivodships).
We analyzed data from 1237 randomly selected persons (645 women, 592 men) aged 20-74 years participating in the National Health Survey in Poland - Project WOBASZ. The following 4 healthy lifestyle behaviors were analyzed: nonsmoking, healthy weight, adequate consumption of fruit and vegetables, and regular physical activity. The 4 behaviors were summed to create a lifestyle index (range 0-4), and following all 4 behaviors were defined as a healthy lifestyle index.
The prevalence of the individual health behaviors was as follows: nonsmoking--67%, healthy weight--43%, fruit and vegetables consumption--58%, and regular physical activity--35% of the studied population. The overall prevalence of the healthy lifestyle index (following all 4 behaviors) was 5.4% while in 3.8% the index was 0, in 25.6% was 1, and in 38.2% and 26.9% was 2 and 3, respectively. The prevalence of healthy lifestyle was significantly higher in women, younger, better educated, living in the country and small towns, with higher subjective health state.
Extremely low prevalence of adults following 4 common modifiable healthy behaviors supports the need for more intensive and comprehensive primary prevention activities with special attention paid to significant differences in everyday lifestyle between various sociodemographic groups.
近期的流行病学研究已提供明确证据，表明遵循健康生活方式对健康有诸多益处。本研究的目的是评估波兰两个省（罗兹和卢布林省）成年居民代表性样本中健康生活方式行为的流行情况。
我们分析了参与波兰全国健康调查——WOBASZ项目的1237名年龄在20 - 74岁之间的随机选取人员（645名女性，592名男性）的数据。分析了以下4种健康生活方式行为：不吸烟、体重健康、水果和蔬菜摄入充足以及定期进行体育锻炼。将这4种行为相加得出生活方式指数（范围为0 - 4），遵循所有4种行为被定义为具有健康生活方式指数。
个体健康行为的流行情况如下：不吸烟——67%，体重健康——43%，水果和蔬菜摄入——58%，定期进行体育锻炼——35%。健康生活方式指数（遵循所有4种行为）的总体流行率为5.4%，而指数为0的占3.8%，为1的占25.6%，为2和3的分别占38.2%和26.9%。健康生活方式的流行率在女性、较年轻、受教育程度较高、居住在农村和小镇且主观健康状况较好的人群中显著更高。
成年人遵循4种常见可改变健康行为的流行率极低，这表明需要开展更深入、全面的一级预防活动，并特别关注不同社会人口群体在日常生活方式上的显著差异。
