Kvasnicka Frantisek
Department of Food Preservation and Meat Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
Electrophoresis. 2007 Oct;28(20):3581-9. doi: 10.1002/elps.200700177.
CE is a family of electrokinetic separation techniques that separate compounds based upon differences in electrophoretic mobilities, phase partitioning, pI, molecular size, or a combination of one or several of these properties. CE has been used in several modes to analyze and characterize a wide variety of analytes from simple inorganic ions, small organic molecules, peptides, proteins, nucleic acids to virus, microbes and particles. Food consists of a complex mixture of a variety of components, many of which are biologically active. Components classified as "nutrients" are essential for growth, maintenance, and repair of the body. Other food constituents, typically occurring in small quantities, are classified as "biologically active substances" and they have beneficial or harmful effects on human health. There are two types of biologically active substances in food - naturally occurring and food additives. The bioactive compounds of food that will be mentioned in this review are inorganic and organic acids, amino acids, vitamins, phenolic compounds, biogenic amines, antinutrients, toxins, etc. This review is focused on the application of CE with hydrodynamically closed system (suppression of EOF) for the analysis of the above-mentioned compounds. CE can be an alternative method to HPLC or other methods for analysis of bioactive compounds in food. The main advantages of CE are low running cost (at least ten times than HPLC) and consideration to environment (hundreds of microliters of diluted water based electrolyte per analysis).
毛细管电泳是一类电动分离技术，它基于电泳迁移率、相分配、等电点、分子大小或这些性质中一种或几种性质的组合差异来分离化合物。毛细管电泳已被用于多种模式，以分析和表征从简单无机离子、小有机分子、肽、蛋白质、核酸到病毒、微生物和颗粒等各种各样的分析物。食物由多种成分的复杂混合物组成，其中许多成分具有生物活性。被归类为“营养素”的成分对身体的生长、维持和修复至关重要。其他通常少量存在的食物成分被归类为“生物活性物质”，它们对人类健康有有益或有害的影响。食物中有两种生物活性物质——天然存在的和食品添加剂。本综述中将提到的食物生物活性化合物有无机酸和有机酸、氨基酸、维生素、酚类化合物、生物胺、抗营养物质、毒素等。本综述重点关注采用流体动力学封闭系统（抑制电渗流）的毛细管电泳在分析上述化合物方面的应用。对于食品中生物活性化合物的分析，毛细管电泳可以作为高效液相色谱或其他方法的替代方法。毛细管电泳的主要优点是运行成本低（至少比高效液相色谱低十倍）且环保（每次分析只需几百微升稀释水基电解质）。
