Fabian F M, Mumghamba E G S
Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 65014, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
East Afr Med J. 2007 Apr;84(4):183-7. doi: 10.4314/eamj.v84i4.9523.
To determine the prevalence of tooth and lip mutilation (TLM) and the prevalence of tooth loss and the associated oral mucosal lesions among adults in south east Tanzania.
A cross sectional, clinical study and questionnaire administration.
Rural population in southeast Tanzania.
Randomly selected 217 adults aged 40 years and older.
About 16% of all participants performed tooth mutilation. There were more females (20.6%) than males (11.3%) who performed tooth mutilation but the difference was not statistically significant. There was only about 17% of participants in the age group 40-54 years who performed tooth mutilation while there was 50% and 32% in the age groups 55-64 years and 65-95 years and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Tooth loss due to mutilation was significantly (P < 0.001) less than tooth loss due to other reasons in the anterior teeth and there was no tooth loss due to mutilation in the posterior teeth. Lip mutilation in form of piercing the upper lip and inserting a wooden stick called "ndonya" was found only in women. No oral mucosal lesions were found in this study group.
Tooth mutilation does not lead to significant tooth loss and lip mutilation and the use of "ndonya" does not cause oral mucosal lesions in this society. Extraction of anterior teeth due to other reasons was significantly higher than extraction following mutilation while in the posterior teeth there was no tooth loss due to tooth mutilation.
确定坦桑尼亚东南部成年人中牙齿和嘴唇毁损（TLM）的患病率、牙齿缺失的患病率以及相关口腔黏膜病变情况。
横断面临床研究及问卷调查。
坦桑尼亚东南部农村人口。
随机选取217名40岁及以上成年人。
所有参与者中约16%有牙齿毁损行为。进行牙齿毁损的女性（20.6%）多于男性（11.3%），但差异无统计学意义。40 - 54岁年龄组中只有约17%的参与者有牙齿毁损行为，而55 - 64岁和65 - 95岁年龄组中这一比例分别为50%和32%，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.001）。因毁损导致的前牙缺失显著少于因其他原因导致的前牙缺失（P < 0.001），后牙未出现因毁损导致的牙齿缺失。仅在女性中发现有穿破上唇并插入名为“ndonya”的木棍这种嘴唇毁损形式。本研究组未发现口腔黏膜病变。
在这个社会中，牙齿毁损不会导致显著的牙齿缺失，嘴唇毁损及使用“ndonya”不会引起口腔黏膜病变。因其他原因拔除前牙的情况显著高于因毁损拔除的情况，而后牙未出现因牙齿毁损导致的牙齿缺失。
