Petit Geneviève, Letellier Monique, Gauvin Lise, Boulianne Nicole, Valiquette Louise
Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Faculté de médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12e avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4.
Can J Public Health. 2007 Jul-Aug;98(4):311-7. doi: 10.1007/BF03405410.
Nurses have an important role in keeping the youth of Quebec vaccinated. Little, however, is known about nurses' immunization practices. The purpose of this research is to identify the immunization practices of nursing staff in local community health centres who vaccinate children aged 0 to 5 years and to outline personal outcomes and barriers to performing these practices.
A Delphi consultation project was conducted with immunization experts in Quebec. The consultation included 4 phases during which participants expressed their opinions on concepts through a series of questionnaires. The research team created a consolidated common response at each stage in order to produce a final consensus.
Eighteen specialists participated in at least 1 of the consultation phases. The consultation allowed for the identification of 35 ideal immunization practices which were grouped into 11 higher-order categories. Eleven expected outcomes were also identified as well as 51 barriers to ideal immunization practices which in turn were grouped into 7 higher-order categories.
According to experts, immunization practices are varied and include technical acts as well as relational, organizational, and continuing education activities. These practices are expected to generate outcomes for professionals and their clientele. However, a number of barriers to achieving ideal vaccination practices are also observed. The picture of immunization practices by nurses in local community health centres and their perception of outcomes and barriers will be studied during the next stages of the project. This process will lead to developing intervention strategies with vaccinators.
护士在确保魁北克省青少年接种疫苗方面发挥着重要作用。然而，对于护士的免疫接种实践知之甚少。本研究的目的是确定当地社区卫生中心为0至5岁儿童接种疫苗的护理人员的免疫接种实践，并概述个人成果以及实施这些实践的障碍。
与魁北克省的免疫专家进行了德尔菲咨询项目。该咨询包括4个阶段，在此期间参与者通过一系列问卷对概念表达意见。研究团队在每个阶段创建了综合的共同回应，以达成最终共识。
18名专家至少参与了1个咨询阶段。该咨询确定了35种理想的免疫接种实践，这些实践被归为11个更高层次的类别。还确定了11个预期成果以及51个理想免疫接种实践的障碍，这些障碍又被归为7个更高层次的类别。
专家表示，免疫接种实践多种多样，包括技术行为以及关系、组织和继续教育活动。这些实践有望为专业人员及其客户带来成果。然而，也观察到了一些实现理想疫苗接种实践的障碍。在项目的下一阶段，将研究当地社区卫生中心护士的免疫接种实践情况以及他们对成果和障碍的看法。这一过程将导致与疫苗接种人员制定干预策略。
