1995 - 2002年委内瑞拉致命蛇咬伤情况的趋势
Trends in fatal snakebites in Venezuela, 1995-2002.
作者信息
Benítez Jesús A, Rifakis Pedro M, Vargas Jair A, Cabaniel Gilberto, Rodríguez-Morales Alfonso J
机构信息
Direction of Environmental Health, Ministry of Health, Maracay, Venezuela.
出版信息
Wilderness Environ Med. 2007 Fall;18(3):209-13. doi: 10.1580/06-WEME-BR-076R.1.
OBJECTIVE
There have been few studies evaluating snakebite mortality in Venezuela and South America. In this study we evaluate trends in fatal snakebites occurring in Venezuela between 1995 and 2002.
METHODS
Epidemiological data for this study were retrieved from the records of the Ministry of Health of Venezuela. Using these data, we analyzed the impact of snakebites in Venezuela during the study period.
RESULTS
During the study period, there were 266 reports of death due to snakebite; 79.7% were males, and 20.3% were females (P < .01). Annual mean deaths numbered 33 per year. Of total deaths, 24.1% occurred in victims 55-70 years old. Deaths in young children (<5 years old) accounted for 7.1% of the total. Mortality rate by age showed an age-dependent rate, with higher rates in older ages (P = .038).
CONCLUSION
Snake envenomations are an important cause of injury and deaths in Venezuela as in many American countries. Surveillance of envenomations is essential for establishing guidelines, planning therapeutic supplies, and training medical staff on snakebite treatment, as well as assessing risk zones for travelers.
目的
在委内瑞拉和南美洲，评估蛇咬伤死亡率的研究较少。在本研究中，我们评估了1995年至2002年期间委内瑞拉发生的致命蛇咬伤的趋势。
方法
本研究的流行病学数据取自委内瑞拉卫生部的记录。利用这些数据，我们分析了研究期间蛇咬伤在委内瑞拉造成的影响。
结果
在研究期间，有266例蛇咬伤致死报告；79.7%为男性，20.3%为女性（P <.01）。年平均死亡人数为每年33人。在所有死亡病例中，24.1%发生在55至70岁的受害者身上。幼儿（<5岁）死亡占总数的7.1%。按年龄划分的死亡率显示出年龄依赖性，年龄较大者死亡率较高（P =.
结论
与许多美洲国家一样，蛇咬伤中毒是委内瑞拉受伤和死亡的重要原因。对中毒情况进行监测对于制定指导方针、规划治疗用品、培训医务人员进行蛇咬伤治疗以及评估旅行者的危险区域至关重要。
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