Copelovitch Lawrence, Kaplan Bernard S
Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2008 Oct;23(10):1761-7. doi: 10.1007/s00467-007-0616-x. Epub 2007 Sep 30.
The term thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) encompasses a group of conditions that are defined by, or result from, a similar histopathological lesion. Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), and several other conditions are associated with TMA. Distinguishing HUS from TTP is not always possible unless there are specific causes, such as Shiga toxin, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or a specific molecular defect such as factor H or ADAMTS13 deficiency. This review describes the forms of HUS/TTP that are not related to Shiga toxin, pneumococcal infection, genetic causes, or ADAMTS13 deficiency. Conditions include HUS/TTP associated with autoimmune disorders, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, transplantation, malignancy, and medications.
血栓性微血管病（TMA）这一术语涵盖了一组由相似组织病理学病变所定义或导致的病症。溶血性尿毒症综合征（HUS）、血栓性血小板减少性紫癜（TTP）以及其他几种病症都与TMA相关。除非存在特定病因，如志贺毒素、肺炎链球菌，或特定分子缺陷，如因子H或ADAMTS13缺乏，否则并不总是能够区分HUS和TTP。本综述描述了与志贺毒素、肺炎球菌感染、遗传病因或ADAMTS13缺乏无关的HUS/TTP形式。这些病症包括与自身免疫性疾病、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染、移植、恶性肿瘤及药物相关的HUS/TTP。
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