Knutsen Ann Kristin, Robert V, Poot G A, Epping Wendy, Figge Marian, Holst-Jensen A, Skaar Ida, Smith Maudy Th
National Veterinary Institute, Ullevålsveien 68, PO Box 8156 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway.
Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2007 Oct;57(Pt 10):2426-2435. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.65200-0.
The type strain of Yarrowia lipolytica and 38 strains identified as Yarrowia lipolytica, four strains of Candida deformans, including the type and two subcultures of the type, two strains of Candida galli and six unidentified strains that resembled Y. lipolytica were examined by PCR fingerprints using primers M13 and (GAC)5. The same strains, together with four strains of the recently introduced Candida yakushimensis nom. inval., were sequenced for the D1/D2 domain of the 26S rRNA gene and parts of the ITS domain and also studied for their physiological properties. Of the strains identified previously as Y. lipolytica, CBS 2076 had the same fingerprint as the type of C. deformans and strain CBS 4855 was distinct from all other strains. The six strains that resembled Y. lipolytica were separated into two groups distinct from any of the other clades. A total of six groups obtained by fingerprint and sequence data were evaluated by performing DNA reassociation reactions. Mating experiments among the 35 strains of Y. lipolytica sensu stricto showed that 15 strains represented one mating type and 16 strains represented the opposite mating type, while four strains were self-sporulating. Teleomorph states were not produced by C. deformans, C. galli or any of the unidentified isolates. However, positive mating reactions were rarely observed in crosses among C. galli and some strains of Y. lipolytica and C. deformans. Consequently, sharing the same mating type system, C. deformans and C. galli could be considered anamorphs of unnamed Yarrowia species. Results from PCR fingerprints, sequencing and mating studies support the grouping of the studied strains into Y. lipolytica, C. galli, C. deformans, C. yakushimensis nom. inval. and three novel species in the Yarrowia clade: Candida oslonensis sp. nov. (type strain CBS 10146(T) =NRRL Y-48252(T); Mycobank number MB 510769), Candida alimentaria sp. nov. (type strain CBS 10151(T) =NRRL Y-48253(T); Mycobank number MB 510770) and Candida hollandica sp. nov. (type strain CBS 4855(T) =NRRL Y-48254(T); Mycobank number MB 510771).
利用引物M13和(GAC)5，通过PCR指纹图谱技术对解脂耶氏酵母模式菌株以及38株鉴定为解脂耶氏酵母的菌株、4株异形假丝酵母菌株（包括模式菌株及其两个传代培养物）、2株加利假丝酵母菌株和6株形态上类似解脂耶氏酵母的未鉴定菌株进行了检测。对上述相同菌株，以及最近引入的4株雅库什假丝酵母（名称不合法）菌株，测定了其26S rRNA基因D1/D2结构域和ITS结构域部分序列，并对其生理特性进行了研究。在先前鉴定为解脂耶氏酵母的菌株中，CBS 2076与异形假丝酵母模式菌株具有相同的指纹图谱，而CBS 4855菌株与所有其他菌株不同。6株形态上类似解脂耶氏酵母的菌株被分为两组，与其他任何进化枝都不同。通过指纹图谱和序列数据共获得6组，通过进行DNA重结合反应对其进行了评估。在35株解脂耶氏酵母狭义菌株之间进行的交配试验表明，15株代表一种交配型，16株代表另一种交配型，而4株为自孢子形成。异形假丝酵母、加利假丝酵母或任何未鉴定的分离株均未产生有性态。然而，在加利假丝酵母与一些解脂耶氏酵母和异形假丝酵母菌株之间的杂交中，很少观察到阳性交配反应。因此，由于共享相同的交配型系统，异形假丝酵母和加利假丝酵母可被视为未命名的耶氏酵母物种的无性型。PCR指纹图谱、测序和交配研究结果支持将所研究的菌株分为解脂耶氏酵母、加利假丝酵母、异形假丝酵母、雅库什假丝酵母（名称不合法）以及耶氏酵母进化枝中的三个新物种：奥斯隆假丝酵母（Candida oslonensis）新种（模式菌株CBS 10146(T)=NRRL Y - 48252(T)；菌物保藏编号MB 510769）、食源假丝酵母（Candida alimentaria）新种（模式菌株CBS 10151(T)=NRRL Y - 48253(T)；菌物保藏编号MB 510770）和荷兰假丝酵母（Candida hollandica）新种（模式菌株CBS 4855(T)=NRRL Y - 48254(T)；菌物保藏编号MB 510771）。
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