Al-Nawas B, Groetz K A, Goetz H, Duschner H, Wagner W
Medical Faculty, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, J. Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2008 Jan;19(1):1-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2007.01396.x. Epub 2007 Oct 16.
Test of favourable conditions for osseointegration with respect to optimum bone-implant contact (BIC) in a loaded animal model. The varied parameters were surface roughness and surface topography of commercially available dental implants.
Thirty-two implants of six types of macro and microstructure were included in the study (total 196). The different types were: minimally rough control: Branemark machined Mk III; oxidized surface: TiUnite MkIII and MkIV; ZL Ticer; blasted and etched surface: Straumann SLA; rough control: titanium plasma sprayed (TPS). Sixteen beagle dogs were implanted with the whole set of the above implants. After a healing period of 8 weeks, implants were loaded for 3 months. For the evaluation of the BIC areas, adequately sectioned biopsies were visualized by subsurface scans with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
The primary statistical analysis testing BIC of the moderately rough implants (mean 56.1+/-13.0%) vs. the minimally rough and the rough controls (mean 53.9+/-11.2%) does not reveal a significant difference (P=0.57). Mean values of 50-70% BIC were found for all implant types. Moderately rough oxidized implants show a median BIC, which is 8% higher than their minimally rough turned counterpart. The intraindividual difference between the TPS and the blasted and etched counterparts revealed no significant difference. The turned and the oxidized implants show median values of the resonance frequency [implant stability quotients (ISQ)] over 60; the nonself-tapping blasted and etched and TPS implants show median values below 60.
In conclusion, the benefit of rough surfaces relative to minimally rough ones in this loaded animal model was confirmed histologically. The comparison of different surface treatment modalities revealed no significant differences between the modern moderately rough surfaces. Resonance frequency analysis seems to be influenced in a major part by the transducer used, thus prohibiting the comparison of different implant systems.
在负载动物模型中，针对最佳骨-种植体接触（BIC）测试骨结合的有利条件。变化的参数为市售牙科种植体的表面粗糙度和表面形貌。
本研究纳入了六种宏观和微观结构类型的32枚种植体（共196枚）。不同类型包括：微粗糙对照：Branemark机械加工Mk III；氧化表面：TiUnite MkIII和MkIV；ZL Ticer；喷砂和酸蚀表面：Straumann SLA；粗糙对照：钛等离子喷涂（TPS）。16只比格犬植入了上述全套种植体。经过8周的愈合期后，种植体负载3个月。为评估BIC面积，通过共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）进行的亚表面扫描对充分切片的活检样本进行可视化处理。
对中等粗糙度种植体（平均56.1±13.0%）与微粗糙和粗糙对照（平均53.9±11.2%）的BIC进行的初步统计分析未显示出显著差异（P = 0.57）。所有种植体类型的BIC平均值在50 - 70%之间。中等粗糙度的氧化种植体显示出的BIC中位数比其微粗糙的对应种植体高8%。TPS与喷砂和酸蚀对应种植体之间的个体内差异未显示出显著差异。机械加工和氧化种植体的共振频率[种植体稳定性商数（ISQ）]中位数超过60；非自攻喷砂和酸蚀以及TPS种植体的中位数低于60。
总之，在这个负载动物模型中，组织学证实了粗糙表面相对于微粗糙表面的益处。不同表面处理方式的比较显示现代中等粗糙度表面之间没有显著差异。共振频率分析似乎在很大程度上受所用换能器的影响，因此无法对不同种植体系统进行比较。
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