Yaretzky A, Tamir R, Levinson N
Physiotherapy Dept., Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University.
Harefuah. 1991 Dec 15;121(12):503-5.
Falls among the elderly are a major concern of those caring for them. We studied the incidence of falls in institutionalized elderly, as well as the characteristics of those who fell and the causes of the falls, to determine how to prevent falling. A 2-month survey was conducted in Mishan, an institution in Raanana, and included 144 falls in 108 patients (447 women and 162 men, mean age 84) out of a total of 609 elderly. The prevalence of falls was 1426 per 1000 per year. Most cases of falls were first seen in the emergency room or wards for demented patients. The prevalence of falls among those receiving physiotherapy was only 1/3 that of those who did not. Old institutionalized patients tend to fall mainly while getting in and out of bed. Falls may result from medication such as sleeping pills and psychotropic drugs, but not diuretics. Falls are not inevitable, and measures can be applied to prevent them and thus reduce their frequency.
老年人跌倒问题是护理人员主要关心的问题。我们研究了机构养老老年人的跌倒发生率，以及跌倒者的特征和跌倒原因，以确定如何预防跌倒。在拉阿纳纳的米山机构进行了为期2个月的调查，在609名老年人中，108名患者（447名女性和162名男性，平均年龄84岁）发生了144次跌倒。跌倒发生率为每年每1000人中有1426次。大多数跌倒病例最初在急诊室或痴呆患者病房被发现。接受物理治疗的患者跌倒发生率仅为未接受物理治疗患者的1/3。年老的机构养老患者跌倒主要发生在上下床时。跌倒可能由安眠药和精神药物等药物引起，但利尿剂不会。跌倒并非不可避免，可以采取措施预防跌倒，从而降低其发生频率。
